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JEE Advanced 1994 · Laws of Motion

The magnitude of the force (in newtons) acting on a body varies with time tt (in micro seconds) as shown in the fig. ABAB, BCBC and CDCD are straight line segments. The magnitude of the total impulse of the force on the body from t=4 μst = 4\,\mu s to t=16 μst = 16\,\mu s is ............ N s.

Answer: 0.0050.005

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Written solution

Step 1: Identify the coordinates of the key points from the graph.

The straight line segments ABAB, BCBC, and CDCD connect the following coordinates (t,F)(t, F) where time tt is in μs\mu\text{s} and force FF is in N\text{N}:

A(0,200)A(0, 200) B(4,200)B(4, 200) C(6,800)C(6, 800) D(16,0)D(16, 0)

Step 2: Relate impulse to the area under the force-time graph.

The total impulse JJ from t=4 μst = 4\,\mu\text{s} to t=16 μst = 16\,\mu\text{s} is the area under the F-tF\text{-}t graph over this interval.

J=∫4 μs16 μsF dtJ = \int_{4\,\mu\text{s}}^{16\,\mu\text{s}} F\,dt

This interval corresponds to the area under the segments BCBC and CDCD.

Step 3: Calculate the area under segment BCBC.

The region under BCBC from t=4 μst = 4\,\mu\text{s} to t=6 μst = 6\,\mu\text{s} forms a trapezoid with parallel sides of heights 200 N200\,\text{N} and 800 N800\,\text{N}, and a width of 2 μs2\,\mu\text{s}.

ABC=12(200+800)(6−4)A_{BC} = \frac{1}{2}(200 + 800)(6 - 4) ABC=1000 N⋅μsA_{BC} = 1000\,\text{N}\cdot\mu\text{s}

Step 4: Calculate the area under segment CDCD.

The region under CDCD from t=6 μst = 6\,\mu\text{s} to t=16 μst = 16\,\mu\text{s} forms a triangle with a base of 10 μs10\,\mu\text{s} and a height of 800 N800\,\text{N}.

ACD=12(800)(16−6)A_{CD} = \frac{1}{2}(800)(16 - 6) ACD=4000 N⋅μsA_{CD} = 4000\,\text{N}\cdot\mu\text{s}

Step 5: Sum the areas and convert the units to N⋅s\text{N}\cdot\text{s}.

Add the two areas to find the total impulse in N⋅μs\text{N}\cdot\mu\text{s}.

J=1000+4000=5000 N⋅μsJ = 1000 + 4000 = 5000\,\text{N}\cdot\mu\text{s}

Convert microseconds to seconds using 1 μs=10−6 s1\,\mu\text{s} = 10^{-6}\,\text{s}.

J=5000×10−6 N⋅sJ = 5000 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{N}\cdot\text{s} J=5×10−3 N⋅s=0.005 N⋅sJ = 5 \times 10^{-3}\,\text{N}\cdot\text{s} = 0.005\,\text{N}\cdot\text{s}

Answer: 0.0050.005 (or 5×10−35 \times 10^{-3})

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