arthham

JEE Advanced 2008 · Integrals

Let I=∫exe4x+e2x+1 dxI=\int \frac{e^{x}}{e^{4x}+e^{2x}+1}\,dx, J=∫e−xe−4x+e−2x+1 dxJ=\int \frac{e^{-x}}{e^{-4x}+e^{-2x}+1}\,dx. Then, for an arbitrary constant CC, the value of J−IJ-I equals

Answer: C. 12log⁡(e2x−ex+1e2x+ex+1)+C\frac{1}{2}\log\left(\frac{e^{2x}-e^{x}+1}{e^{2x}+e^{x}+1}\right)+C

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Written solution

I=∫exe4x+e2x+1 dxI=\int \dfrac{e^{x}}{e^{4x}+e^{2x}+1}\,dx

J=∫e−xe−4x+e−2x+1 dxJ=\int \dfrac{e^{-x}}{e^{-4x}+e^{-2x}+1}\,dx

Find J−I\text{Find } J-I

1. Rewrite J in positive powers\text{1. Rewrite } J \text{ in positive powers}

2. Form one integral for J−I\text{2. Form one integral for } J-I

3. Substitute t=ex and integrate\text{3. Substitute } t=e^{x} \text{ and integrate}

J=∫e−xe−4x+e−2x+1 dx=∫e3xe4x+e2x+1 dxJ=\int \dfrac{e^{-x}}{e^{-4x}+e^{-2x}+1}\,dx = \int \dfrac{e^{3x}}{e^{4x}+e^{2x}+1}\,dx

J−I=∫e3x−exe4x+e2x+1 dxJ-I = \int \dfrac{e^{3x}-e^{x}}{e^{4x}+e^{2x}+1}\,dx

t=ex,dt=ex dxt=e^{x},\quad dt=e^{x}\,dx

e4x+e2x+1=t4+t2+1e^{4x}+e^{2x}+1 = t^{4}+t^{2}+1

e3xdx=t2dt,exdx=dte^{3x}dx=t^{2}dt,\qquad e^{x}dx=dt

J−I=∫t2−1t4+t2+1 dtJ-I=\int \dfrac{t^{2}-1}{t^{4}+t^{2}+1}\,dt

=∫1−1/t2t2+1+1/t2 dt=\int \dfrac{1-1/t^{2}}{t^{2}+1+1/t^{2}}\,dt

v=t+1t,dv=(1−1t2)dtv=t+\dfrac{1}{t},\quad dv=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{t^{2}}\right)dt

t2+1+1t2=(t+1t)2−1=v2−1t^{2}+1+\dfrac{1}{t^{2}} = \left(t+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)^{2}-1 = v^{2}-1

J−I=∫dvv2−1=12log⁡∣v−1v+1∣+CJ-I=\int \dfrac{dv}{v^{2}-1} = \dfrac{1}{2}\log\left|\dfrac{v-1}{v+1}\right|+C

v=ex+e−xv=e^{x}+e^{-x}

v−1v+1=e2x−ex+1e2x+ex+1\dfrac{v-1}{v+1}=\dfrac{e^{2x}-e^{x}+1}{e^{2x}+e^{x}+1}

⇒ option (3)\Rightarrow\ \text{option (3)}

Answer: option (3)\boxed{\text{Answer: option (3)}}

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