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JEE Advanced 2012 · Applications of Integrals

Let SS be the area of the region enclosed by y=e−x2y=e^{-x^{2}}, y=0y=0, x=0x=0 and x=1x=1; then

Answers: A. S≥1eS \geq \frac{1}{e} · B. S≥1−1eS \geq 1-\frac{1}{e} · D. S≤12+1e(1−12)S \leq \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{e}}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)

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Written solution

Let S be the area of the region enclosed by y=e^{-x²}, y=0, x=0 and x=1; then S=∫01e−x2 dxS = \int_{0}^{1} e^{-x^2}\,dx 0≤x≤1⇒0≤x2≤10 \le x \le 1 \Rightarrow 0 \le x^2 \le 1 To find: which of the given inequalities hold\text{To find: which of the given inequalities hold} S=∫01e−x2 dxS = \int_{0}^{1} e^{-x^2}\,dx x∈[0,1]: e−x2≥e−1⇒S≥∫01e−1 dx=1e⇒(1) ✓x\in[0,1]:\ e^{-x^2}\ge e^{-1} \Rightarrow S \ge \int_0^1 e^{-1}\,dx = \dfrac{1}{e} \Rightarrow (1)\ \checkmark e−u≥1−u⇒e−x2≥1−x2⇒S≥∫01(1−x2) dx=23e^{-u}\ge 1-u \Rightarrow e^{-x^2}\ge 1-x^2 \Rightarrow S \ge \int_0^1(1-x^2)\,dx = \dfrac{2}{3} 23≥1−1e⇒(2) ✓\dfrac{2}{3} \ge 1-\dfrac{1}{e} \Rightarrow (2)\ \checkmark S≥23≈0.667>14(1+1e)≈0.402⇒(3) ×S \ge \dfrac{2}{3} \approx 0.667 > \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt e}\right) \approx 0.402 \Rightarrow (3)\ \times S=∫01/2e−x2 dx+∫1/21e−x2 dxS = \int_0^{1/\sqrt2} e^{-x^2}\,dx + \int_{1/\sqrt2}^{1} e^{-x^2}\,dx ≤12⋅1+(1−12)e−1/2=12+1e(1−12)⇒(4) ✓\le \dfrac{1}{\sqrt2}\cdot 1 + \left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt2}\right)e^{-1/2} = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt e}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt2}\right) \Rightarrow (4)\ \checkmark Correct options: (1), (2), (4)\boxed{\text{Correct options: } (1),\ (2),\ (4)}

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