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JEE Advanced 2014 · Integrals

The following integral ∫π/4π/2(2cosec⁡x)17 dx\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/2} (2\cosec x)^{17}\,dx is equal to

Answer: A. ∫0log⁡(1+2)2 (eu+e−u)16 du\int_{0}^{\log(1+\sqrt{2})} 2\,(e^{u}+e^{-u})^{16}\,du

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Written solution

The following integral ∫_(π/4)^(π/2) (2cosec x)¹⁷ dx is equal to I=∫π/4π/2(2cosec⁡x)17 dxI = \displaystyle\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/2} (2\operatorname{cosec} x)^{17}\,dx To find: which option equals I\text{To find: which option equals } I options use u, with u: 0→log⁡(1+2),  (eu±e−u)\text{options use } u,\ \text{with } u:\ 0 \to \log(1+\sqrt{2}),\ \ (e^{u}\pm e^{-u}) cosec⁡2x−cot⁡2x=1\operatorname{cosec}^{2}x - \cot^{2}x = 1 u=log⁡(cosec⁡x+cot⁡x): eu=cosec⁡x+cot⁡x,  e−u=cosec⁡x−cot⁡xu = \log(\operatorname{cosec} x + \cot x):\ e^{u} = \operatorname{cosec} x + \cot x,\ \ e^{-u} = \operatorname{cosec} x - \cot x ⇒ eu+e−u=2cosec⁡x\Rightarrow\ e^{u} + e^{-u} = 2\operatorname{cosec} x dudx=−cosec⁡xcot⁡x−cosec⁡2xcosec⁡x+cot⁡x=−cosec⁡x\dfrac{du}{dx} = \dfrac{-\operatorname{cosec} x\cot x - \operatorname{cosec}^{2}x}{\operatorname{cosec} x + \cot x} = -\operatorname{cosec} x ⇒ dx=−ducosec⁡x\Rightarrow\ dx = -\dfrac{du}{\operatorname{cosec} x} (2cosec⁡x)17dx=(eu+e−u)17⋅(−2 dueu+e−u)(2\operatorname{cosec} x)^{17}dx = (e^{u}+e^{-u})^{17}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{2\,du}{e^{u}+e^{-u}}\right) =−2 (eu+e−u)16 du= -2\,(e^{u}+e^{-u})^{16}\,du x=π4⇒u=log⁡(2+1);x=π2⇒u=log⁡1=0x=\dfrac{\pi}{4} \Rightarrow u = \log(\sqrt{2}+1); \qquad x=\dfrac{\pi}{2} \Rightarrow u = \log 1 = 0 I=∫log⁡(2+1)0−2 (eu+e−u)16 du=∫0log⁡(1+2)2 (eu+e−u)16 duI = \displaystyle\int_{\log(\sqrt{2}+1)}^{0} -2\,(e^{u}+e^{-u})^{16}\,du = \displaystyle\int_{0}^{\log(1+\sqrt{2})} 2\,(e^{u}+e^{-u})^{16}\,du Answer: (1)\boxed{\text{Answer: (1)}}

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