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JEE Advanced 2018 · Applications of Integrals

Let g(x)=cos⁡x2g(x) = \cos x^{2}, f(x)=xf(x) = \sqrt{x}, and α\alpha, β\beta (α<β\alpha < \beta) be the roots of the quadratic equation 18x2−9πx+π2=018x^{2} - 9\pi x + \pi^{2} = 0. Then the area (in sq. units) bounded by the curve y=(gof)(x)y = (gof)(x) and the lines x=αx = \alpha, x=βx = \beta and y=0y = 0, is :

Answer: D. 12(3−1)\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{3} - 1)

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Written solution

Let g(x) = cos x², f(x) = √x, and α, β (α < β) be the roots of the quadratic equation 18x² - 9π x + π² = 0. Then the area (in sq. units) bounded by the curve y = (gof)(x) and the lines x = α, x = β and y = 0, is :

g(x)=cos⁡x2,f(x)=xg(x)=\cos x^2, \quad f(x)=\sqrt{x}

18x2−9πx+π2=0,roots α<β18x^2 - 9\pi x + \pi^2 = 0, \quad \text{roots } \alpha<\beta

To find: area bounded by y=(g∘f)(x), x=α, x=β, y=0\text{To find: area bounded by } y=(g\circ f)(x),\ x=\alpha,\ x=\beta,\ y=0

(g∘f)(x)=g(x)=cos⁡((x)2)=cos⁡x(g\circ f)(x) = g(\sqrt{x}) = \cos\big((\sqrt{x})^2\big) = \cos x

⇒y=cos⁡x\Rightarrow y = \cos x

D=(−9π)2−4(18)(π2)=81π2−72π2=9π2D = (-9\pi)^2 - 4(18)(\pi^2) = 81\pi^2 - 72\pi^2 = 9\pi^2

x=9π±3π36=π3, π6x = \dfrac{9\pi \pm 3\pi}{36} = \dfrac{\pi}{3},\ \dfrac{\pi}{6}

α=π6,β=π3\alpha = \dfrac{\pi}{6}, \quad \beta = \dfrac{\pi}{3}

A=∫π/6π/3cos⁡x dxA = \int_{\pi/6}^{\pi/3} \cos x\,dx

dA=cos⁡x dx(height cos⁡x, width dx)dA = \cos x\,dx \quad (\text{height } \cos x,\ \text{width } dx)

A=[sin⁡x]π/6π/3=sin⁡π3−sin⁡π6A = \Big[\sin x\Big]_{\pi/6}^{\pi/3} = \sin\dfrac{\pi}{3} - \sin\dfrac{\pi}{6}

A=32−12=12(3−1)A = \dfrac{\sqrt3}{2} - \dfrac{1}{2} = \dfrac{1}{2}(\sqrt3 - 1)

A=12(3−1)  ⇒  option (4)\boxed{A = \dfrac{1}{2}(\sqrt3 - 1) \;\Rightarrow\; \text{option (4)}}

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