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JEE Advanced 2023 · Continuity and Differentiability

Let f:(0,1)→Rf : (0, 1) \to \mathbb{R} be the function defined as f(x)=[4x](x−14)2(x−12)f(x) = [4x]\left(x - \frac{1}{4}\right)^{2}\left(x - \frac{1}{2}\right), where [x][x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to xx. Then which of the following statements is(are) true?

Answers: A. The function f is discontinuous exactly at one point in (0,1)(0,1) · B. There is exactly one point in (0,1)(0,1) at which the function f is continuous but NOT differentiable

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Written solution

f(x)=[4x](x−14)2(x−12),x∈(0,1)f(x) = [4x]\left(x-\tfrac14\right)^2\left(x-\tfrac12\right),\quad x\in(0,1)

[x]=greatest integer ≤x[x] = \text{greatest integer } \le x

check (1)–(4): continuity, differentiability, min⁡f\text{check } (1)\text{--}(4):\ \text{continuity},\ \text{differentiability},\ \min f

1. [4x] on each interval1.\ [4x] \text{ on each interval}

2. continuity+differentiability at 14,12,342.\ \text{continuity} + \text{differentiability at } \tfrac14,\tfrac12,\tfrac34

3. minimum value of f3.\ \text{minimum value of } f

x∈(0,14): f=0;x∈[14,12): f=gx\in(0,\tfrac14):\ f=0;\quad x\in[\tfrac14,\tfrac12):\ f=g

x∈[12,34): f=2g;x∈[34,1): f=3gx\in[\tfrac12,\tfrac34):\ f=2g;\quad x\in[\tfrac34,1):\ f=3g

g(x)=(x−14)2(x−12)g(x) = \left(x-\tfrac14\right)^2\left(x-\tfrac12\right)

lim⁡x→1/4f(x)=0=f(14),lim⁡x→1/2f(x)=0=f(12)\lim_{x\to1/4}f(x) = 0 = f(\tfrac14),\quad \lim_{x\to1/2}f(x) = 0 = f(\tfrac12)

⇒continuous at 14, 12\Rightarrow \text{continuous at } \tfrac14,\ \tfrac12

g(34)=(12)2(14)=116g(\tfrac34) = (\tfrac12)^2(\tfrac14) = \tfrac{1}{16}

x→34−: f→2⋅116=18;x→34+: f→3⋅116=316x\to\tfrac34^-:\ f\to 2\cdot\tfrac{1}{16}=\tfrac18;\quad x\to\tfrac34^+:\ f\to 3\cdot\tfrac{1}{16}=\tfrac{3}{16}

18≠316⇒(1) TRUE\tfrac18 \ne \tfrac{3}{16} \Rightarrow (1)\ \text{TRUE}

g′(x)=3x2−2x+516g'(x) = 3x^2-2x+\tfrac{5}{16}

f′(14−)=0,f′(14+)=g′(14)=0f'({\tfrac14}^-) = 0,\quad f'({\tfrac14}^+) = g'(\tfrac14) = 0

⇒differentiable at 14\Rightarrow \text{differentiable at } \tfrac14

f′(12−)=g′(12)=116;f′(12+)=2g′(12)=18f'({\tfrac12}^-) = g'(\tfrac12) = \tfrac{1}{16};\quad f'({\tfrac12}^+) = 2g'(\tfrac12) = \tfrac{1}{8}

116≠18⇒(2) TRUE; only 2 non-diff. points⇒(3) FALSE\tfrac{1}{16} \ne \tfrac18 \Rightarrow (2)\ \text{TRUE};\ \text{only 2 non-diff. points} \Rightarrow (3)\ \text{FALSE}

g′(x)=0⇒x=14 or 512g'(x) = 0 \Rightarrow x = \tfrac14 \text{ or } \tfrac{5}{12}

g(512)=(16)2(−112)=−1432g(\tfrac{5}{12}) = \left(\tfrac16\right)^2\left(-\tfrac{1}{12}\right) = -\dfrac{1}{432}

min⁡f=−1432≠−1512⇒(4) FALSE\min f = -\dfrac{1}{432} \ne -\dfrac{1}{512} \Rightarrow (4)\ \text{FALSE}

TRUE statements: (1) and (2)\text{TRUE statements: } (1)\ \text{and}\ (2)

(1) and (2)\boxed{(1)\ \text{and}\ (2)}

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