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JEE Advanced 2010 · Trigonometric Functions

The maximum value of the expression 1sin⁡2θ+3sin⁡θcos⁡θ+5cos⁡2θ\frac{1}{\sin^{2}\theta + 3\sin\theta\cos\theta + 5\cos^{2}\theta} is ______.

Answer: 22

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The maximum value of the expression 1/(sin²θ + 3sinθcosθ + 5cos²θ) is ______. E=1sin⁡2θ+3sin⁡θcos⁡θ+5cos⁡2θE=\dfrac{1}{\sin^2\theta+3\sin\theta\cos\theta+5\cos^2\theta} D=sin⁡2θ+3sin⁡θcos⁡θ+5cos⁡2θD=\sin^2\theta+3\sin\theta\cos\theta+5\cos^2\theta Find: max⁡E\text{Find: } \max E Since D>0,max⁡E=1min⁡D\text{Since } D>0,\quad \max E=\dfrac{1}{\min D} D=1−cos⁡2θ2+3⋅sin⁡2θ2+5⋅1+cos⁡2θ2D=\dfrac{1-\cos 2\theta}{2}+3\cdot\dfrac{\sin 2\theta}{2}+5\cdot\dfrac{1+\cos 2\theta}{2} D=6+4cos⁡2θ+3sin⁡2θ2D=\dfrac{6+4\cos 2\theta+3\sin 2\theta}{2} =3+12(4cos⁡2θ+3sin⁡2θ)=3+\dfrac{1}{2}(4\cos 2\theta+3\sin 2\theta) 4cos⁡2θ+3sin⁡2θ=5cos⁡(2θ−α),tan⁡α=344\cos 2\theta+3\sin 2\theta=5\cos(2\theta-\alpha),\quad \tan\alpha=\dfrac{3}{4} −5≤4cos⁡2θ+3sin⁡2θ≤5-5\le 4\cos 2\theta+3\sin 2\theta\le 5 amplitude=42+32=25=5\text{amplitude}=\sqrt{4^2+3^2}=\sqrt{25}=5 Dmin⁡=3+12(−5)=3−52=12D_{\min}=3+\dfrac{1}{2}(-5)=3-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2} Emax⁡=1Dmin⁡=11/2=2E_{\max}=\dfrac{1}{D_{\min}}=\dfrac{1}{1/2}=2 Emax⁡=2\boxed{E_{\max}=2} cos⁡2θ=−45, sin⁡2θ=−35⇒4cos⁡2θ+3sin⁡2θ=−5\cos 2\theta=-\dfrac{4}{5},\ \sin 2\theta=-\dfrac{3}{5}\Rightarrow 4\cos 2\theta+3\sin 2\theta=-5 D=3−52=12 ⇒ E=11/2=2 ✓D=3-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\ \Rightarrow\ E=\dfrac{1}{1/2}=2\ \checkmark

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