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JEE Advanced 2016 · Continuity and Differentiability

Let a,b∈Ra, b \in \mathbb{R} and f:R→Rf : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} be defined by f(x)=acos⁡(∣x3−x∣)+b ∣x∣sin⁡(∣x3+x∣)f(x) = a \cos(|x^{3} - x|) + b\,|x| \sin(|x^{3} + x|). Then ff is .

Answers: A. differentiable at x=0x=0 if a=0a=0 and b=1b=1 · B. differentiable at x=1x=1 if a=1a=1 and b=0b=0

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Written solution

f(x)=acos⁡(∣x3−x∣)+b ∣x∣sin⁡(∣x3+x∣)f(x) = a\cos(|x^{3}-x|) + b\,|x|\sin(|x^{3}+x|) a,b∈Ra, b \in \mathbb{R} Check differentiability at x=0 and at x=1\text{Check differentiability at } x=0 \text{ and at } x=1 for the (a,b) given in each option\text{for the } (a,b) \text{ given in each option} cos⁡(−t)=cos⁡t⇒cos⁡(∣x3−x∣)=cos⁡(x3−x)\cos(-t) = \cos t \Rightarrow \cos(|x^{3}-x|) = \cos(x^{3}-x) ⇒acos⁡(∣x3−x∣) is smooth, hence differentiable everywhere\Rightarrow a\cos(|x^{3}-x|) \text{ is smooth, hence differentiable everywhere} ∣x3+x∣=∣x∣ (x2+1)|x^{3}+x| = |x|\,(x^{2}+1) b ∣x∣sin⁡(∣x3+x∣)=b ∣x∣sin⁡ ⁣(∣x∣(x2+1))b\,|x|\sin(|x^{3}+x|) = b\,|x|\sin\!\big(|x|(x^{2}+1)\big) b ∣x∣sin⁡ ⁣(∣x∣(x2+1))=b x2(x2+1)−b x4(x2+1)36+⋯b\,|x|\sin\!\big(|x|(x^{2}+1)\big) = b\,x^{2}(x^{2}+1) - \dfrac{b\,x^{4}(x^{2}+1)^{3}}{6} + \cdots f(x)=a+(b−a2)x2+O(x4)f(x) = a + \left(b - \dfrac{a}{2}\right)x^{2} + O(x^{4}) ⇒f′(0)=0 exists for every a,b\Rightarrow f'(0) = 0 \text{ exists for every } a, b x=1:∣x∣=x,∣x3+x∣=x3+x (smooth)x=1:\quad |x|=x,\quad |x^{3}+x| = x^{3}+x \ (\text{smooth}) f′(1)=b (4cos⁡2+sin⁡2) exists for every a,bf'(1) = b\,(4\cos 2 + \sin 2) \text{ exists for every } a, b f is differentiable at x=0 and at x=1 for ALL a,bf \text{ is differentiable at } x=0 \text{ and at } x=1 \text{ for ALL } a, b (1) ✓(2) ✓(3) ×(4) ×(1)\ \checkmark \qquad (2)\ \checkmark \qquad (3)\ \times \qquad (4)\ \times Answer: options (1) and (2)\boxed{\text{Answer: options (1) and (2)}}

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