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JEE Advanced 2016 · Trigonometric Functions

The number of all possible values of θ\theta where 0<θ<π0 < \theta < \pi, for which the system of equations (y+z)cos⁡3θ=(xyz)sin⁡3θ(y + z)\cos 3\theta = (xyz)\sin 3\theta, xsin⁡3θ=2cos⁡3θy+2sin⁡3θzx\sin 3\theta = \frac{2\cos 3\theta}{y} + \frac{2\sin 3\theta}{z}, (xyz)sin⁡3θ=(y+2z)cos⁡3θ+ysin⁡3θ(xyz)\sin 3\theta = (y + 2z)\cos 3\theta + y\sin 3\theta have a solution (x0,y0,z0)(x_0, y_0, z_0) with y0z0≠0y_0 z_0 \neq 0, is

Answer: 33

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Written solution

Given: (y+z)cos 3θ = xyz sin 3θ

Given: xsin⁡3θ=2cos⁡3θy+2sin⁡3θz\text{Given: } x\sin 3\theta = \dfrac{2\cos 3\theta}{y} + \dfrac{2\sin 3\theta}{z}

Given: xyz sin 3θ = (y+2z)cos 3θ + ysin 3θ

To find: number of θ∈(0,π)\text{To find: number of } \theta \in (0,\pi)

s.t. a solution (x0,y0,z0) exists with y0z0≠0\text{s.t. a solution } (x_0,y_0,z_0) \text{ exists with } y_0 z_0 \neq 0

1. combine (1), (3)⇒relation in y,z1.\ \text{combine (1), (3)} \Rightarrow \text{relation in } y, z

2. use (2)⇒(y+z)cos⁡3θ=02.\ \text{use (2)} \Rightarrow (y+z)\cos 3\theta = 0

3. tan⁡3θ=1, count θ∈(0,π)3.\ \tan 3\theta = 1, \ \text{count } \theta \in (0,\pi)

c=cos⁡3θ,s=sin⁡3θc = \cos 3\theta, \qquad s = \sin 3\theta

from (1): xyz s = (y+z)c in (3): xyz s = (y+2z)c + y s

⇒(y+z)c=(y+2z)c+ys\Rightarrow (y+z)c = (y+2z)c + y s

⇒−z c=y s\Rightarrow -z\,c = y\,s

from (2): x s=2cy+2sz\text{from (2): } x\,s = \dfrac{2c}{y} + \dfrac{2s}{z}

× yz: xyz s = 2cz + 2sy xyz s=(y+z)cxyz\,s = (y+z)c (y+z)c=2cz+2sy(y+z)c = 2cz + 2sy

sy=−zc ⇒ (y+z)c=2cz−2cz=0sy = -zc \ \Rightarrow \ (y+z)c = 2cz - 2cz = 0

c=0⇒s=±1c = 0 \Rightarrow s = \pm 1

−z c=y s⇒y s=0⇒y=0 ×-z\,c = y\,s \Rightarrow y\,s = 0 \Rightarrow y = 0 \ \times

but y0z0≠0⇒c≠0\text{but } y_0 z_0 \neq 0 \Rightarrow c \neq 0

c≠0⇒y+z=0⇒z=−yc \neq 0 \Rightarrow y + z = 0 \Rightarrow z = -y

−z c=y s,z=−y⇒y c=y s-z\,c = y\,s, \quad z = -y \Rightarrow y\,c = y\,s

⇒c=s⇒tan⁡3θ=1\Rightarrow c = s \Rightarrow \tan 3\theta = 1

from (1): xyz s = (y+z)c = 0, s ≠ 0 ⇒ xyz = 0; y, z ≠ 0 ⇒ x = 0

(2): 0=2cy+2s−y\text{(2): } 0 = \dfrac{2c}{y} + \dfrac{2s}{-y}

=2cy−2cy=0 ✓= \dfrac{2c}{y} - \dfrac{2c}{y} = 0 \ \checkmark

tan⁡3θ=1⇒3θ=π4+nπ\tan 3\theta = 1 \Rightarrow 3\theta = \dfrac{\pi}{4} + n\pi

3θ=π4, 5π4, 9π4,…3\theta = \dfrac{\pi}{4}, \ \dfrac{5\pi}{4}, \ \dfrac{9\pi}{4}, \dots

θ=π12+nπ3\theta = \dfrac{\pi}{12} + \dfrac{n\pi}{3}

0<θ<π:n=0,1,20 < \theta < \pi: \quad n = 0, 1, 2

θ=π12, 5π12, 3π4\theta = \dfrac{\pi}{12}, \ \dfrac{5\pi}{12}, \ \dfrac{3\pi}{4}

Number of values of θ=3\boxed{\text{Number of values of } \theta = 3}

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