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JEE Advanced 2018 · Binomial Theorem

Let X=(10C1)2+2(10C2)2+3(10C3)2+⋯+10(10C10)2,X = (10C_{1})^{2} + 2(10C_{2})^{2} + 3(10C_{3})^{2} + \dots + 10(10C_{10})^{2}, where 10Cr,r10C_{r}, r in {1,2,…,10}\{1,2,\dots ,10\} denote binomial coefficients. Then, the value of (11430)X(\frac{1}{1430})X is ______.

Answer: 646646

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Written solution

Let X = (¹⁰C₁)² + 2(¹⁰C₂)² + 3(¹⁰C₃)² + ·s + 10(¹⁰C₁₀)², where ¹⁰Cᵣ, r ∈ {1, 2, ·s, 10} denote binomial coefficients. Then, the value of 1/1430 X is ______.

X=∑r=110r (10Cr)2X = \sum_{r=1}^{10} r\,({}^{10}C_r)^{2}

To find: 11430X\text{To find: } \dfrac{1}{1430}X

1. r 10Cr=10 9Cr−11.\ r\,{}^{10}C_r = 10\,{}^{9}C_{r-1}

2. apply Vandermonde’s identity2.\ \text{apply Vandermonde's identity}

3. evaluate then divide by 14303.\ \text{evaluate then divide by } 1430

r 10Cr=10 9Cr−1r\,{}^{10}C_r = 10\,{}^{9}C_{r-1}

X=∑r=110(10 9Cr−1)10CrX = \sum_{r=1}^{10}\left(10\,{}^{9}C_{r-1}\right){}^{10}C_r

=10∑r=1109Cr−1 10Cr= 10\sum_{r=1}^{10}{}^{9}C_{r-1}\,{}^{10}C_r

s=r−1:X=10∑s=099Cs 10Cs+1s = r-1:\quad X = 10\sum_{s=0}^{9}{}^{9}C_s\,{}^{10}C_{s+1}

10Cs+1=10C9−s{}^{10}C_{s+1} = {}^{10}C_{9-s}

X=10∑s=099Cs 10C9−sX = 10\sum_{s=0}^{9}{}^{9}C_s\,{}^{10}C_{9-s}

=10⋅19C9= 10\cdot{}^{19}C_9

19C9=19!9! 10!=92378{}^{19}C_9 = \dfrac{19!}{9!\,10!} = 92378

X=10×92378=923780X = 10 \times 92378 = 923780

X1430=10×923781430\dfrac{X}{1430} = \dfrac{10 \times 92378}{1430}

1430=10×143 ⇒ 923781431430 = 10 \times 143 \ \Rightarrow\ \dfrac{92378}{143}

=646= 646

check: X=102 20C10=5×184756=923780\text{check: } X = \dfrac{10}{2}\,{}^{20}C_{10} = 5 \times 184756 = 923780

11430X=646\boxed{\dfrac{1}{1430}X = 646}

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