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JEE Advanced 2023 · Binomial Theorem

Let a and b be two non-zero real numbers. If the coefficient of x5x^{5} in the expansion of (ax2+70/(27^{2} + 70/(27bx))4))^{4} is equal to the coefficient of x−5x^{-5} in the expansion of (ax −1/(- 1/(bx2))7,^{2}))^{7}, then the value of 2b is

Answer: 33

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Written solution

a,b≠0,a,b∈Ra, b \neq 0, \quad a, b \in \mathbb{R} (ax2+7027bx)4\left(ax^{2} + \dfrac{70}{27bx}\right)^{4} (ax−1bx2)7\left(ax - \dfrac{1}{bx^{2}}\right)^{7} Coeff of x5 in (1)=Coeff of x−5 in (2)\text{Coeff of } x^{5} \text{ in } (1) = \text{Coeff of } x^{-5} \text{ in } (2) Find 2b\text{Find } 2b Plan: write Tr+1 for each, match the power of x\text{Plan: write } T_{r+1} \text{ for each, match the power of } x then equate the two coefficients\text{then equate the two coefficients} (X+Y)n=∑r=0n(nr)Xn−rYr(X+Y)^{n} = \sum_{r=0}^{n} \binom{n}{r} X^{n-r} Y^{r} Tr+1=(nr)Xn−rYrT_{r+1} = \binom{n}{r} X^{n-r} Y^{r} Tk+1=(4k)(ax2)4−k(7027bx)kT_{k+1} = \binom{4}{k} (ax^{2})^{4-k} \left(\dfrac{70}{27bx}\right)^{k} =(4k)a4−k ⁣(7027b)kx 8−3k= \binom{4}{k} a^{4-k}\!\left(\dfrac{70}{27b}\right)^{k} x^{\,8-3k} 8−3k=5 ⇒ k=18-3k = 5 \ \Rightarrow\ k = 1 Coeff of x5=(41)a3 7027b=280 a327b\text{Coeff of } x^{5} = \binom{4}{1} a^{3}\,\dfrac{70}{27b} = \dfrac{280\,a^{3}}{27b} Tj+1=(7j)(ax)7−j(−1bx2)jT_{j+1} = \binom{7}{j} (ax)^{7-j} \left(-\dfrac{1}{bx^{2}}\right)^{j} =(7j)(−1)ja7−jb−j x 7−3j= \binom{7}{j} (-1)^{j} a^{7-j} b^{-j}\, x^{\,7-3j} 7−3j=−5 ⇒ j=47-3j = -5 \ \Rightarrow\ j = 4 Coeff of x−5=(74)a3b−4=35 a3b4\text{Coeff of } x^{-5} = \binom{7}{4} a^{3} b^{-4} = \dfrac{35\,a^{3}}{b^{4}} 280 a327b=35 a3b4\dfrac{280\,a^{3}}{27b} = \dfrac{35\,a^{3}}{b^{4}} ⇒28027b=35b4(a≠0)\Rightarrow \dfrac{280}{27b} = \dfrac{35}{b^{4}} \quad (a \neq 0) 280 b4=35⋅27 b280\,b^{4} = 35 \cdot 27\,b ⇒280 b3=945 ⇒ b3=945280=278\Rightarrow 280\,b^{3} = 945 \ \Rightarrow\ b^{3} = \dfrac{945}{280} = \dfrac{27}{8} b=2783=32b = \sqrt[3]{\dfrac{27}{8}} = \dfrac{3}{2} 2b=32b = 3 Coeff of x5=280 a327⋅32=560 a381\text{Coeff of } x^{5} = \dfrac{280\,a^{3}}{27\cdot\frac{3}{2}} = \dfrac{560\,a^{3}}{81} Coeff of x−5=35 a3(32)4=560 a381\text{Coeff of } x^{-5} = \dfrac{35\,a^{3}}{\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^{4}} = \dfrac{560\,a^{3}}{81}

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