arthham

JEE Advanced 2018 · Work, Energy and Power

A ball is projected from the ground at an angle of 45∘45^\circ with the horizontal surface. It reaches a maximum height of 120 m120\,\text{m} and returns to the ground. Upon hitting the ground for the first time, it loses half of its kinetic energy. Immediately after the bounce, the velocity of the ball makes an angle of 30∘30^\circ with the horizontal surface. The maximum height it reaches after the bounce, in metres, is ______.

Answer: 30.0030.00

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Written solution

Step 1: Relate the initial maximum height to the projection speed.

The maximum height H1H_1 of a projectile launched with speed uu at an angle of 45∘45^\circ is given by the formula:

H1=u2sin⁡245∘2gH_1 = \frac{u^2 \sin^2 45^\circ}{2g}

Substitute H1=120 mH_1 = 120\text{ m} to find u2u^2:

120=u2(12)22g120 = \frac{u^2 \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2}{2g} u2=480gu^2 = 480g

Step 2: Find the speed of the ball immediately after the bounce.

The ball loses half of its kinetic energy upon impact with the ground:

12mv′2=12(12mu2)\frac{1}{2}mv'^2 = \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}mu^2\right) v′=u2v' = \frac{u}{\sqrt{2}}

Step 3: Find the vertical component of the velocity after the bounce.

The velocity after the bounce makes an angle of 30∘30^\circ with the horizontal:

vy′=v′sin⁡30∘v'_y = v'\sin 30^\circ vy′=u2⋅12v'_y = \frac{u}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{2} vy′=u22v'_y = \frac{u}{2\sqrt{2}}

Step 4: Calculate the maximum height reached after the bounce.

The new maximum height H2H_2 is determined by the vertical component of the velocity:

H2=vy′22gH_2 = \frac{v'^2_y}{2g} H2=(u22)22gH_2 = \frac{\left(\frac{u}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2}{2g} H2=u216gH_2 = \frac{u^2}{16g}

Substitute u2=480gu^2 = 480g:

H2=480g16gH_2 = \frac{480g}{16g} H2=30 mH_2 = 30\text{ m}

Answer: 3030

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