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JEE Advanced 2024 · Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry

Let LL be the straight line joining the points P(1,2,−1)P(1, 2, -1) and Q(2,3,1)Q(2, 3, 1). Let SS be the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point R(4,−1,5)R(4, -1, 5) to the line LL. Another line passing through RR intersects LL at a point TT such that the point SS divides the line segment PTPT internally in the ratio ∣PS∣:∣ST∣=1:2|PS| : |ST| = 1 : 2, where ∣PS∣|PS| and ∣ST∣|ST| are the lengths of the line segments PSPS and STST, respectively. Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE ?

Answers: A. The orthocentre of the triangle PRTPRT is (235,−4,315)\left(\frac{23}{5},-4,\frac{31}{5}\right) · D. The area of the triangle PRTPRT is 18518\sqrt{5}

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L through P(1,2,−1), Q(2,3,1)L \text{ through } P(1,2,-1), \ Q(2,3,1) PQ⃗=(1,1,2)\vec{PQ}=(1,1,2) R(4,−1,5),S=foot of ⊥ from R to LR(4,-1,5), \quad S = \text{foot of } \perp \text{ from } R \text{ to } L T∈L,R and T joined by a lineT \in L, \quad R \text{ and } T \text{ joined by a line} S divides PT internally: PS:ST=1:2S \text{ divides } PT \text{ internally}: \ PS:ST=1:2 Find: orthocentre and area of △PRT\text{Find: orthocentre and area of } \triangle PRT P(1,2,−1),Q(2,3,1)P(1,2,-1), \quad Q(2,3,1) d⃗=PQ→=Q−P=(1,1,2)\vec{d}=\overrightarrow{PQ}=Q-P=(1,1,2) L: r⃗=P+td⃗=(1,2,−1)+t(1,1,2)L:\ \vec{r}=P+t\vec{d}=(1,2,-1)+t(1,1,2) R(4,−1,5),PR→=R−P=(3,−3,6)R(4,-1,5), \quad \overrightarrow{PR}=R-P=(3,-3,6) t=PR→⋅d⃗∣d⃗∣2=3−3+126=2t=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{PR}\cdot\vec{d}}{|\vec{d}|^2}=\dfrac{3-3+12}{6}=2 S=P+2d⃗=(3,4,3)S=P+2\vec{d}=(3,4,3) PS:ST=1:2⇒S=2P+T3PS:ST=1:2 \Rightarrow S=\dfrac{2P+T}{3} T=3S−2P=(9,12,9)−(2,4,−2)=(7,8,11)T=3S-2P=(9,12,9)-(2,4,-2)=(7,8,11) T=P+6d⃗ ⇒ T∈LT=P+6\vec{d}\ \Rightarrow\ T\in L ∣PS∣=26,∣ST∣=46⇒PS:ST=1:2 ✓|PS|=2\sqrt6,\quad |ST|=4\sqrt6 \Rightarrow PS:ST=1:2\ \checkmark 1. RS⊥PT⇒H∈line RS1.\ RS\perp PT \Rightarrow H\in \text{line } RS 2. altitude from P⊥RT⇒H2.\ \text{altitude from } P\perp RT \Rightarrow H 3. Area=12∣PR→×PT→∣3.\ \text{Area}=\tfrac12|\overrightarrow{PR}\times\overrightarrow{PT}| S(3,4,3),SR→=R−S=(1,−5,2)S(3,4,3), \quad \overrightarrow{SR}=R-S=(1,-5,2) H=S+λ(1,−5,2)=(3+λ, 4−5λ, 3+2λ)H=S+\lambda(1,-5,2)=(3+\lambda,\ 4-5\lambda,\ 3+2\lambda) RT→=T−R=(3,9,6)\overrightarrow{RT}=T-R=(3,9,6) (H⃗−P⃗)⋅RT→=0(\vec{H}-\vec{P})\cdot\overrightarrow{RT}=0 H⃗−P⃗=(2+λ, 2−5λ, 4+2λ)\vec{H}-\vec{P}=(2+\lambda,\ 2-5\lambda,\ 4+2\lambda) (2+λ)3+(2−5λ)9+(4+2λ)6=0(2+\lambda)3+(2-5\lambda)9+(4+2\lambda)6=0 48−30λ=0⇒λ=8548-30\lambda=0 \Rightarrow \lambda=\dfrac{8}{5} H=(3+85, 4−8, 3+165)H=\left(3+\dfrac{8}{5},\ 4-8,\ 3+\dfrac{16}{5}\right) H=(235,−4,315)H=\left(\dfrac{23}{5},-4,\dfrac{31}{5}\right) Option (1) TRUE,Option (2) FALSE\text{Option (1) TRUE}, \quad \text{Option (2) FALSE} Area=12∣PR→×PT→∣\text{Area}=\dfrac12|\overrightarrow{PR}\times\overrightarrow{PT}| PR→=(3,−3,6),PT→=(6,6,12)\overrightarrow{PR}=(3,-3,6), \quad \overrightarrow{PT}=(6,6,12) PR→×PT→=∣i^j^k^3−366612∣\overrightarrow{PR}\times\overrightarrow{PT}=\begin{vmatrix}\hat{i}&\hat{j}&\hat{k}\\3&-3&6\\6&6&12\end{vmatrix} =i^(−72)−j^(0)+k^(36)=(−72,0,36)=\hat{i}(-72)-\hat{j}(0)+\hat{k}(36)=(-72,0,36) ∣PR→×PT→∣=722+362=6480|\overrightarrow{PR}\times\overrightarrow{PT}|=\sqrt{72^2+36^2}=\sqrt{6480} =362⋅5=365=\sqrt{36^2\cdot 5}=36\sqrt5 Area=12⋅365=185\text{Area}=\dfrac12\cdot 36\sqrt5=18\sqrt5 Option (4) TRUE,Option (3) FALSE\text{Option (4) TRUE}, \quad \text{Option (3) FALSE} H=(235,−4,315),Area=185H=\left(\dfrac{23}{5},-4,\dfrac{31}{5}\right), \quad \text{Area}=18\sqrt5 Answer: (1) and (4)\boxed{\text{Answer: (1) and (4)}}

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