arthham

JEE Advanced 2024 · Permutations and Combinations

A group of 9 students,s1,s2,…,s9, s_{1}, s_{2}, \dots , s_{9} is to be divided to form three teams X, Y, and Z of sizes 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Suppose that s1s_{1} cannot be selected for the team X, and s2s_{2} cannot be selected for the team Y. Then the number of ways to form such teams, is ______.

Answer: 665665

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A group of 9 students, s₁, s₂, ..... s₉ is to be divided to form three teams X, Y, and Z of sizes 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Suppose that s₁ cannot be selected for the team X, and s₂ cannot be selected for the team Y. Then the number of ways to form such teams, is ______.

Given: 9 students s1,…,s9→X,Y,Z of sizes 2,3,4\text{Given: } 9 \text{ students } s_1,\dots,s_9 \to X,Y,Z \text{ of sizes } 2,3,4

s1∉X,s2∉Ys_1 \notin X,\qquad s_2 \notin Y

To find: the number of ways to form the teams\text{To find: the number of ways to form the teams}

1. count all ways to fill X(2),Y(3),Z(4)1.\ \text{count all ways to fill } X(2),Y(3),Z(4)

2. subtract cases with s1∈X or s2∈Y2.\ \text{subtract cases with } s_1\in X \text{ or } s_2\in Y

3. inclusion–exclusion, then verify by cases3.\ \text{inclusion--exclusion, then verify by cases}

choose X:(92),then Y:(73)\text{choose } X: \binom{9}{2},\quad \text{then } Y: \binom{7}{3}

Z gets the remaining 4 automaticallyZ \text{ gets the remaining } 4 \text{ automatically}

Total=(92)(73)=36⋅35=1260\text{Total} = \binom{9}{2}\binom{7}{3} = 36\cdot35 = 1260

A={s1∈X},B={s2∈Y}A = \{s_1 \in X\},\qquad B = \{s_2 \in Y\}

∣A∣=(81)(73)=8⋅35=280|A| = \binom{8}{1}\binom{7}{3} = 8\cdot35 = 280

∣B∣=(82)(62)=28⋅15=420|B| = \binom{8}{2}\binom{6}{2} = 28\cdot15 = 420

∣A∩B∣=(71)(62)=7⋅15=105|A\cap B| = \binom{7}{1}\binom{6}{2} = 7\cdot15 = 105

∣A∪B∣=280+420−105=595|A\cup B| = 280+420-105 = 595

Valid=1260−595=665\text{Valid} = 1260 - 595 = 665

check by cases on (s1,s2)\text{check by cases on } (s_1,s_2)

(Y,X):7⋅15=105,(Y,Z):21⋅10=210(Y,X): 7\cdot15 = 105,\qquad (Y,Z): 21\cdot10 = 210

(Z,X):7⋅20=140,(Z,Z):21⋅10=210(Z,X): 7\cdot20 = 140,\qquad (Z,Z): 21\cdot10 = 210

105+210+140+210=665105+210+140+210 = 665

665\boxed{665}

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