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JEE Advanced 2024 · Relations and Functions (Class 11)

Let f:R→Rf: R \to R be a function such that f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) for all x, y in R and g:R→(0,g: R \to (0, infinity) be a function such that g(x+y)=g(x)g(y)g(x+y)=g(x)g(y) for all x, y in R. If f(−35)=12f(-\frac{3}{5})=12 and g(−13)=2,g(-\frac{1}{3})=2, then the value of (f(14)+g(−2)−8)g(0)(f(\frac{1}{4})+g(-2)-8)g(0) is _______.

Answer: 5151

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Written solution

Let f: R → R be a function such that f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) for all x, y ∈ R and g: R → (0, ∞) be a function such that g(x+y)=g(x) g(y) for all x, y ∈ R. If f((-3)/5)=12 and g((-1)/3)=2, then the value of (f(1/4)+g(-2)-8) g(0) is _______.

Given: f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y), ∀ x,y∈R\text{Given: } f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y),\ \forall\, x,y \in \mathbb{R}

Given: g(x+y)=g(x) g(y),  g(x)>0\text{Given: } g(x+y)=g(x)\,g(y),\ \ g(x) > 0

f ⁣(−35)=12,g ⁣(−13)=2f\!\left(\frac{-3}{5}\right)=12,\qquad g\!\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)=2

To find: (f ⁣(14)+g(−2)−8)g(0)\text{To find: } \left(f\!\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)+g(-2)-8\right) g(0)

Plan: for rational q,  f(q)=q f(1)\text{Plan: for rational } q,\ \ f(q)=q\,f(1)

g(q)=g(1)qg(q)=g(1)^{q}

Find f(1), g(1) from the two given values, then substitute.\text{Find } f(1),\,g(1) \text{ from the two given values, then substitute.}

f(0)=f(0)+f(0) ⇒ f(0)=0f(0)=f(0)+f(0)\ \Rightarrow\ f(0)=0

0=f(0)=f(x)+f(−x) ⇒ f(−x)=−f(x)0=f(0)=f(x)+f(-x)\ \Rightarrow\ f(-x)=-f(x)

f(mx)=m f(x)(m∈Z)f(mx)=m\,f(x)\quad(m\in\mathbb{Z})

n f ⁣(1n)=f(1) ⇒ f ⁣(1n)=f(1)nn\,f\!\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)=f(1)\ \Rightarrow\ f\!\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)=\frac{f(1)}{n}

∴ f(q)=q f(1)(q∈Q)\therefore\ f(q)=q\,f(1)\quad(q\in\mathbb{Q})

f ⁣(−35)=−35 f(1)=12f\!\left(\frac{-3}{5}\right)=\frac{-3}{5}\,f(1)=12

⇒ f(1)=12×−53=−20\Rightarrow\ f(1)=12\times\frac{-5}{3}=-20

⇒ f ⁣(14)=14(−20)=−5\Rightarrow\ f\!\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)=\frac{1}{4}(-20)=-5

g(0)=g(0)2,  g(0)>0 ⇒ g(0)=1g(0)=g(0)^2,\ \ g(0)>0\ \Rightarrow\ g(0)=1

1=g(0)=g(x) g(−x) ⇒ g(−x)=1g(x)1=g(0)=g(x)\,g(-x)\ \Rightarrow\ g(-x)=\frac{1}{g(x)}

g ⁣(−13)=g(1)−1/3=2g\!\left(\frac{-1}{3}\right)=g(1)^{-1/3}=2

⇒ g(1)=2−3=18\Rightarrow\ g(1)=2^{-3}=\frac{1}{8}

g(−2)=g(1)−2=(18)−2=64g(-2)=g(1)^{-2}=\left(\frac{1}{8}\right)^{-2}=64

(f ⁣(14)+g(−2)−8)g(0)\left(f\!\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)+g(-2)-8\right) g(0)

=(−5+64−8)×1=(-5+64-8)\times 1

=51=51

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