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JEE Advanced 2007 · System of Particles and Rotational Motion

STATEMENT-1: If there is no external torque on a body about its center of mass, then the velocity of the center of mass remains constant. STATEMENT-2: The linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant.

Answer: D. Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

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Written solution

Step 1: Analyze Statement-1.

Consider a force F⃗\vec{F} applied directly at the center of mass of a body of mass mm.

The torque about the center of mass is zero.

τ⃗COM=0\vec{\tau}_{\text{COM}} = 0

The acceleration of the center of mass is non-zero.

a⃗CM=F⃗m≠0\vec{a}_{\text{CM}} = \frac{\vec{F}}{m} \neq 0

Since the acceleration is non-zero, the velocity v⃗CM\vec{v}_{\text{CM}} is not constant, which makes Statement-1 false.

Step 2: Analyze Statement-2.

An isolated system has no net external force acting on it.

F⃗ext=0\vec{F}_{\text{ext}} = 0

The relation between net external force and linear momentum is given by Newton's second law.

F⃗ext=dP⃗dt\vec{F}_{\text{ext}} = \frac{d\vec{P}}{dt}

Integrating this relation shows that the total linear momentum is conserved.

P⃗=constant\vec{P} = \text{constant}

Thus, Statement-2 is true.

Step 3: Compare the statements.

Statement-1 is false and Statement-2 is true.

Answer: Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.

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