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JEE Advanced 2018 · Relations and Functions (Class 12)

Let XX be a set with exactly 5 elements and YY be a set with exactly 7 elements. If α\alpha is the number of one-one functions from XX to YY and β\beta is the number of onto functions from YY to XX, then the value of 15!(β−α)\frac{1}{5!}(\beta-\alpha) is ______ .

Answer: 119119

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∣X∣=5,∣Y∣=7|X| = 5,\qquad |Y| = 7 α=#{one-one functions X→Y}\alpha = \#\{\text{one-one functions } X \to Y\} β=#{onto functions Y→X}\beta = \#\{\text{onto functions } Y \to X\} To find: 15!(β−α)\text{To find: } \dfrac{1}{5!}(\beta - \alpha) Plan: 1. α=7P5\text{Plan: }1.\ \alpha = {}^{7}P_{5} 2. β=#{onto Y→X}2.\ \beta = \#\{\text{onto } Y \to X\} 3. β−α5!3.\ \dfrac{\beta - \alpha}{5!} α=(75)⋅5!=7P5\alpha = \binom{7}{5}\cdot 5! = {}^{7}P_{5} α=7⋅6⋅5⋅4⋅3=2520\alpha = 7\cdot 6\cdot 5\cdot 4\cdot 3 = 2520 β=∑k=05(−1)k(5k)(5−k)7\beta = \sum_{k=0}^{5} (-1)^{k}\binom{5}{k}(5-k)^{7} =57−(51)47+(52)37−(53)27+(54)17= 5^{7} - \binom{5}{1}4^{7} + \binom{5}{2}3^{7} - \binom{5}{3}2^{7} + \binom{5}{4}1^{7} =78125−5(16384)+10(2187)−10(128)+5(1)= 78125 - 5(16384) + 10(2187) - 10(128) + 5(1) β=16800\beta = 16800 β=16800=5! S(7,5)\beta = 16800 = 5!\,S(7,5) β5!=S(7,5)=140\dfrac{\beta}{5!} = S(7,5) = 140 α5!=7P55!=7⋅62=21\dfrac{\alpha}{5!} = \dfrac{{}^{7}P_{5}}{5!} = \dfrac{7\cdot 6}{2} = 21 β−α5!=140−21=119\dfrac{\beta - \alpha}{5!} = 140 - 21 = \boxed{119}

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