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JEE Advanced 2018 · System of Particles and Rotational Motion

A uniform wooden stick of mass 1.6 kg1.6\,\text{kg} and length ll rests in an inclined manner on a smooth, vertical wall of height h(<l)h(<l) such that a small portion of the stick extends beyond the wall. The reaction force of the wall on the stick is perpendicular to the stick. The stick makes an angle of 30∘30^\circ with the wall and the bottom of the stick is on a rough floor. The reaction of the wall on the stick is equal in magnitude to the reaction of the floor on the stick. The ratio h/lh/l and the frictional force ff at the bottom of the stick are (g=10 m s−2g = 10\,\text{m}\,\text{s}^{-2})

Answer: D. hl=3316,f=1633 N\frac{h}{l} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{16}, f = \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}\,\text{N}

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Written solution

Step 1: Set up the force equilibrium equations.

Let NN be the normal reaction of the floor, ff be the friction force, and RR be the reaction force of the wall which is perpendicular to the stick.

f=Rcos⁡30∘f = R \cos 30^\circ N+Rsin⁡30∘=mgN + R \sin 30^\circ = mg

Step 2: Relate the reaction forces.

Use the given condition that the magnitude of the wall reaction equals the floor reaction (R=NR = N).

R+Rsin⁡30∘=mgR + R \sin 30^\circ = mg R(1+sin⁡30∘)=mgR\left(1 + \sin 30^\circ\right) = mg R=2mg3R = \frac{2mg}{3}

Step 3: Calculate the frictional force.

Substitute mg=1.6×10=16 Nmg = 1.6 \times 10 = 16\text{ N} into the friction equation.

f=Rcos⁡30∘f = R \cos 30^\circ f=2mg3cos⁡30∘f = \frac{2mg}{3} \cos 30^\circ f=323(32)f = \frac{32}{3} \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) f=1633 Nf = \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}\text{ N}

Step 4: Set up the torque equilibrium about the bottom of the stick.

Equate the counter-clockwise torque of the wall reaction to the clockwise torque of the weight.

mg(l2)sin⁡30∘=R(hcos⁡30∘)mg\left(\frac{l}{2}\right)\sin 30^\circ = R\left(\frac{h}{\cos 30^\circ}\right) R=mglsin⁡30∘cos⁡30∘2hR = \frac{mgl \sin 30^\circ \cos 30^\circ}{2h}

Step 5: Determine the ratio h/lh/l.

Equate the two expressions obtained for RR.

mg1+sin⁡30∘=mglsin⁡30∘cos⁡30∘2h\frac{mg}{1 + \sin 30^\circ} = \frac{mgl \sin 30^\circ \cos 30^\circ}{2h} hl=sin⁡30∘cos⁡30∘(1+sin⁡30∘)2\frac{h}{l} = \frac{\sin 30^\circ \cos 30^\circ (1 + \sin 30^\circ)}{2} hl=(12)(32)(32)2\frac{h}{l} = \frac{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)}{2} hl=3316\frac{h}{l} = \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{16}

Answer: The ratio hl=3316\dfrac{h}{l} = \dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{16} and the frictional force f=1633 Nf = \dfrac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}\text{ N}.

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