arthham

JEE Advanced 2019 · Differential Equations

Let Γ\Gamma denote a curve y=y(x)y=y(x) which is in the first quadrant and let the point (1,0)(1,0) lie on it. Let the tangent to Γ\Gamma at a point PP intersect the yy-axis at YPY_P. If PYPPY_P has length 1 for each point PP on Γ\Gamma, then which of the following options is/are correct?

Answers: C. y=log⁡e(1+1−x2x)−1−x2y=\log_e\left(\frac{1+\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{x}\right)-\sqrt{1-x^{2}} · D. xy′+1−x2=0xy'+\sqrt{1-x^{2}}=0

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Written solution

Γ:y=y(x) in first quadrant,(1,0)∈Γ\Gamma: y = y(x) \text{ in first quadrant}, \quad (1,0) \in \Gamma

Tangent at P meets y-axis at YP;∣PYP∣=1\text{Tangent at } P \text{ meets } y\text{-axis at } Y_P; \quad |P Y_P| = 1

To find: which of (1)–(4) are correct\text{To find: which of (1)--(4) are correct}

Tangent at P(x,y): Y−y=y′(X−x)\text{Tangent at } P(x,y):\ Y - y = y'(X - x)

⇒YP=(0, y−xy′)\Rightarrow Y_P = (0,\ y - x y')

PYP2=x2+(xy′)2=x2(1+y′2)=1PY_P^2 = x^2 + (x y')^2 = x^2(1 + y'^2) = 1

⇒xy′=±1−x2\Rightarrow x y' = \pm\sqrt{1 - x^2}

y>0, y(1)=0⇒y′<0⇒xy′=−1−x2y > 0,\ y(1) = 0 \Rightarrow y' < 0 \Rightarrow x y' = -\sqrt{1 - x^2}

⇒xy′+1−x2=0⇒(4) TRUE\Rightarrow x y' + \sqrt{1 - x^2} = 0 \Rightarrow (4)\ \text{TRUE}

y′=−1−x2xy' = -\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}

y=ln⁡ ⁣(1+1−x2x)−1−x2+Cy = \ln\!\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}\right) - \sqrt{1-x^2} + C

x=1, y=0⇒C=0x = 1,\ y = 0 \Rightarrow C = 0

⇒y=ln⁡ ⁣(1+1−x2x)−1−x2⇒(3) TRUE\Rightarrow y = \ln\!\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}\right) - \sqrt{1-x^2} \Rightarrow (3)\ \text{TRUE}

(1) y=−(…)<0⇒not first quadrant(1)\ y = -(\ldots) < 0 \Rightarrow \text{not first quadrant}

(2) wrong sign of y′⇒incorrect(2)\ \text{wrong sign of } y' \Rightarrow \text{incorrect}

Correct: (3) and (4)\text{Correct: } (3)\ \text{and}\ (4)

(3) and (4)\boxed{(3)\ \text{and}\ (4)}

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