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JEE Advanced 2020 · Three Dimensional Geometry

Let L1L_1 and L2L_2 be the following straight line. L1:x−11=y−1=z−13L_1: \frac{x-1}{1} = \frac{y}{-1} = \frac{z-1}{3} and L2:x−1−3=y−1=z−11L_2: \frac{x-1}{-3} = \frac{y}{-1} = \frac{z-1}{1}. Suppose the straight line L:x−αl=y−1m=z−γ−2L: \frac{x-\alpha}{l} = \frac{y-1}{m} = \frac{z-\gamma}{-2} lies in the plane containing L1L_1 and L2L_2, and passes through the point of intersection of L1L_1 and L2L_2. If the line L bisects the acute angle between the lines L1L_1 and L2L_2, then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Answers: A. α−γ=3\alpha - \gamma = 3 · B. l+m=2l + m = 2

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Written solution

Let L₁ and L₂ be the following straight line. L₁: (x-1)/1 = y/(-1) = (z-1)/3 and L₂: (x-1)/(-3) = y/(-1) = (z-1)/1. Suppose the straight line L: (x-α)/l = (y-1)/m = (z-γ)/(-2) lies in the plane containing L₁ and L₂, and passes through the point of intersection of L₁ and L₂. If the line L bisects the acute angle between the lines L₁ and L₂, then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

L1: x−11=y−1=z−13L_1:\ \dfrac{x-1}{1}=\dfrac{y}{-1}=\dfrac{z-1}{3}

L2: x−1−3=y−1=z−11L_2:\ \dfrac{x-1}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{-1}=\dfrac{z-1}{1}

L: x−αl=y−1m=z−γ−2L:\ \dfrac{x-\alpha}{l}=\dfrac{y-1}{m}=\dfrac{z-\gamma}{-2}

L lies in the plane of L1,L2 and passes through L1∩L2L \text{ lies in the plane of } L_1, L_2 \ \text{and passes through } L_1\cap L_2

L bisects the acute angle between L1 and L2L \text{ bisects the acute angle between } L_1 \text{ and } L_2

Find the TRUE statement(s) among (1)–(4)\text{Find the TRUE statement(s) among (1)--(4)}

L1: (1,0,1),d⃗1=(1,−1,3)L_1:\ (1,0,1), \quad \vec{d}_1=(1,-1,3)

L2: (1,0,1),d⃗2=(−3,−1,1)L_2:\ (1,0,1), \quad \vec{d}_2=(-3,-1,1)

L1∩L2=(1,0,1)L_1\cap L_2=(1,0,1)

∣d⃗1∣=1+1+9=11|\vec{d}_1|=\sqrt{1+1+9}=\sqrt{11}

∣d⃗2∣=9+1+1=11|\vec{d}_2|=\sqrt{9+1+1}=\sqrt{11}

⇒∣d⃗1∣=∣d⃗2∣\Rightarrow |\vec{d}_1|=|\vec{d}_2|

Plan: 1. L1∩L2=(1,0,1)\text{Plan: } 1.\ L_1\cap L_2=(1,0,1)

2. bisector∝d⃗1∣d⃗1∣+d⃗2∣d⃗2∣2.\ \text{bisector} \propto \dfrac{\vec{d}_1}{|\vec{d}_1|}+\dfrac{\vec{d}_2}{|\vec{d}_2|}

3. (l,m,−2)∥bisector; (1,0,1)∈L⇒α,γ3.\ (l,m,-2)\parallel \text{bisector};\ (1,0,1)\in L \Rightarrow \alpha,\gamma

d⃗1∣d⃗1∣+d⃗2∣d⃗2∣=(1,−1,3)+(−3,−1,1)11\dfrac{\vec{d}_1}{|\vec{d}_1|}+\dfrac{\vec{d}_2}{|\vec{d}_2|}=\dfrac{(1,-1,3)+(-3,-1,1)}{\sqrt{11}}

=(−2,−2,4)11=2 (−1,−1,2)11=\dfrac{(-2,-2,4)}{\sqrt{11}}=\dfrac{2\,(-1,-1,2)}{\sqrt{11}}

acute bisector∝(−1,−1,2)∝(1,1,−2)\text{acute bisector} \propto (-1,-1,2) \propto (1,1,-2)

(l,m,−2)∥(1,1,−2)⇒l=1, m=1(l,m,-2)\parallel (1,1,-2) \Rightarrow l=1,\ m=1

⇒l+m=2: (2) TRUE, (4) FALSE\Rightarrow l+m=2 \quad \text{: (2) TRUE, (4) FALSE}

(1,0,1)∈L: 1−αl=0−1m=1−γ−2(1,0,1)\in L:\ \dfrac{1-\alpha}{l}=\dfrac{0-1}{m}=\dfrac{1-\gamma}{-2}

1−α=−1⇒α=21-\alpha=-1 \Rightarrow \alpha=2

1−γ−2=−1⇒1−γ=2⇒γ=−1\dfrac{1-\gamma}{-2}=-1 \Rightarrow 1-\gamma=2 \Rightarrow \gamma=-1

α−γ=2−(−1)=3\alpha-\gamma=2-(-1)=3

⇒statement (1) TRUE, (3) FALSE\Rightarrow \text{statement (1) TRUE, (3) FALSE}

d⃗1×d⃗2=(2,−10,−4)=2(1,−5,−2)\vec{d}_1\times\vec{d}_2=(2,-10,-4)=2(1,-5,-2)

n⃗⋅(l,m,−2)=(1)(1)+(−5)(1)+(−2)(−2)=0\vec{n}\cdot(l,m,-2)=(1)(1)+(-5)(1)+(-2)(-2)=0

⇒L∥plane and (1,0,1)∈plane⇒L⊂plane\Rightarrow L\parallel \text{plane and } (1,0,1)\in\text{plane} \Rightarrow L\subset\text{plane}

∴ TRUE statements: (1) and (2)\therefore\ \text{TRUE statements: (1) and (2)}

α−γ=3andl+m=2\alpha-\gamma=3 \quad \text{and}\quad l+m=2

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