Let L₁ and L₂ be the following straight line. L₁: (x-1)/1 = y/(-1) = (z-1)/3 and L₂: (x-1)/(-3) = y/(-1) = (z-1)/1. Suppose the straight line L: (x-α)/l = (y-1)/m = (z-γ)/(-2) lies in the plane containing L₁ and L₂, and passes through the point of intersection of L₁ and L₂. If the line L bisects the acute angle between the lines L₁ and L₂, then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
L 1 : x − 1 1 = y − 1 = z − 1 3 L_1:\ \dfrac{x-1}{1}=\dfrac{y}{-1}=\dfrac{z-1}{3} L 1 : 1 x − 1 = − 1 y = 3 z − 1
L 2 : x − 1 − 3 = y − 1 = z − 1 1 L_2:\ \dfrac{x-1}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{-1}=\dfrac{z-1}{1} L 2 : − 3 x − 1 = − 1 y = 1 z − 1
L : x − α l = y − 1 m = z − γ − 2 L:\ \dfrac{x-\alpha}{l}=\dfrac{y-1}{m}=\dfrac{z-\gamma}{-2} L : l x − α = m y − 1 = − 2 z − γ
L lies in the plane of L 1 , L 2 and passes through L 1 ∩ L 2 L \text{ lies in the plane of } L_1, L_2 \ \text{and passes through } L_1\cap L_2 L lies in the plane of L 1 , L 2 and passes through L 1 ∩ L 2
L bisects the acute angle between L 1 and L 2 L \text{ bisects the acute angle between } L_1 \text{ and } L_2 L bisects the acute angle between L 1 and L 2
Find the TRUE statement(s) among (1)–(4) \text{Find the TRUE statement(s) among (1)--(4)} Find the TRUE statement(s) among (1)–(4)
L 1 : ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) , d ⃗ 1 = ( 1 , − 1 , 3 ) L_1:\ (1,0,1), \quad \vec{d}_1=(1,-1,3) L 1 : ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) , d 1 = ( 1 , − 1 , 3 )
L 2 : ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) , d ⃗ 2 = ( − 3 , − 1 , 1 ) L_2:\ (1,0,1), \quad \vec{d}_2=(-3,-1,1) L 2 : ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) , d 2 = ( − 3 , − 1 , 1 )
L 1 ∩ L 2 = ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) L_1\cap L_2=(1,0,1) L 1 ∩ L 2 = ( 1 , 0 , 1 )
∣ d ⃗ 1 ∣ = 1 + 1 + 9 = 11 |\vec{d}_1|=\sqrt{1+1+9}=\sqrt{11} ∣ d 1 ∣ = 1 + 1 + 9 = 11
∣ d ⃗ 2 ∣ = 9 + 1 + 1 = 11 |\vec{d}_2|=\sqrt{9+1+1}=\sqrt{11} ∣ d 2 ∣ = 9 + 1 + 1 = 11
⇒ ∣ d ⃗ 1 ∣ = ∣ d ⃗ 2 ∣ \Rightarrow |\vec{d}_1|=|\vec{d}_2| ⇒ ∣ d 1 ∣ = ∣ d 2 ∣
Plan: 1. L 1 ∩ L 2 = ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) \text{Plan: } 1.\ L_1\cap L_2=(1,0,1) Plan: 1. L 1 ∩ L 2 = ( 1 , 0 , 1 )
2. bisector ∝ d ⃗ 1 ∣ d ⃗ 1 ∣ + d ⃗ 2 ∣ d ⃗ 2 ∣ 2.\ \text{bisector} \propto \dfrac{\vec{d}_1}{|\vec{d}_1|}+\dfrac{\vec{d}_2}{|\vec{d}_2|} 2. bisector ∝ ∣ d 1 ∣ d 1 + ∣ d 2 ∣ d 2
3. ( l , m , − 2 ) ∥ bisector ; ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ L ⇒ α , γ 3.\ (l,m,-2)\parallel \text{bisector};\ (1,0,1)\in L \Rightarrow \alpha,\gamma 3. ( l , m , − 2 ) ∥ bisector ; ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ L ⇒ α , γ
d ⃗ 1 ∣ d ⃗ 1 ∣ + d ⃗ 2 ∣ d ⃗ 2 ∣ = ( 1 , − 1 , 3 ) + ( − 3 , − 1 , 1 ) 11 \dfrac{\vec{d}_1}{|\vec{d}_1|}+\dfrac{\vec{d}_2}{|\vec{d}_2|}=\dfrac{(1,-1,3)+(-3,-1,1)}{\sqrt{11}} ∣ d 1 ∣ d 1 + ∣ d 2 ∣ d 2 = 11 ( 1 , − 1 , 3 ) + ( − 3 , − 1 , 1 )
= ( − 2 , − 2 , 4 ) 11 = 2 ( − 1 , − 1 , 2 ) 11 =\dfrac{(-2,-2,4)}{\sqrt{11}}=\dfrac{2\,(-1,-1,2)}{\sqrt{11}} = 11 ( − 2 , − 2 , 4 ) = 11 2 ( − 1 , − 1 , 2 )
acute bisector ∝ ( − 1 , − 1 , 2 ) ∝ ( 1 , 1 , − 2 ) \text{acute bisector} \propto (-1,-1,2) \propto (1,1,-2) acute bisector ∝ ( − 1 , − 1 , 2 ) ∝ ( 1 , 1 , − 2 )
( l , m , − 2 ) ∥ ( 1 , 1 , − 2 ) ⇒ l = 1 , m = 1 (l,m,-2)\parallel (1,1,-2) \Rightarrow l=1,\ m=1 ( l , m , − 2 ) ∥ ( 1 , 1 , − 2 ) ⇒ l = 1 , m = 1
⇒ l + m = 2 : (2) TRUE, (4) FALSE \Rightarrow l+m=2 \quad \text{: (2) TRUE, (4) FALSE} ⇒ l + m = 2 : (2) TRUE, (4) FALSE
( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ L : 1 − α l = 0 − 1 m = 1 − γ − 2 (1,0,1)\in L:\ \dfrac{1-\alpha}{l}=\dfrac{0-1}{m}=\dfrac{1-\gamma}{-2} ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ L : l 1 − α = m 0 − 1 = − 2 1 − γ
1 − α = − 1 ⇒ α = 2 1-\alpha=-1 \Rightarrow \alpha=2 1 − α = − 1 ⇒ α = 2
1 − γ − 2 = − 1 ⇒ 1 − γ = 2 ⇒ γ = − 1 \dfrac{1-\gamma}{-2}=-1 \Rightarrow 1-\gamma=2 \Rightarrow \gamma=-1 − 2 1 − γ = − 1 ⇒ 1 − γ = 2 ⇒ γ = − 1
α − γ = 2 − ( − 1 ) = 3 \alpha-\gamma=2-(-1)=3 α − γ = 2 − ( − 1 ) = 3
⇒ statement (1) TRUE, (3) FALSE \Rightarrow \text{statement (1) TRUE, (3) FALSE} ⇒ statement (1) TRUE, (3) FALSE
d ⃗ 1 × d ⃗ 2 = ( 2 , − 10 , − 4 ) = 2 ( 1 , − 5 , − 2 ) \vec{d}_1\times\vec{d}_2=(2,-10,-4)=2(1,-5,-2) d 1 × d 2 = ( 2 , − 10 , − 4 ) = 2 ( 1 , − 5 , − 2 )
n ⃗ ⋅ ( l , m , − 2 ) = ( 1 ) ( 1 ) + ( − 5 ) ( 1 ) + ( − 2 ) ( − 2 ) = 0 \vec{n}\cdot(l,m,-2)=(1)(1)+(-5)(1)+(-2)(-2)=0 n ⋅ ( l , m , − 2 ) = ( 1 ) ( 1 ) + ( − 5 ) ( 1 ) + ( − 2 ) ( − 2 ) = 0
⇒ L ∥ plane and ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ plane ⇒ L ⊂ plane \Rightarrow L\parallel \text{plane and } (1,0,1)\in\text{plane} \Rightarrow L\subset\text{plane} ⇒ L ∥ plane and ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) ∈ plane ⇒ L ⊂ plane
∴ TRUE statements: (1) and (2) \therefore\ \text{TRUE statements: (1) and (2)} ∴ TRUE statements: (1) and (2)
α − γ = 3 and l + m = 2 \alpha-\gamma=3 \quad \text{and}\quad l+m=2 α − γ = 3 and l + m = 2