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JEE Advanced 2012 · Relations and Functions (Class 12)

The function f:[0,3]→[1,29]f : [0, 3] \to [1, 29], defined by f(x)=2x3−15x2+36x+1f(x) = 2x^{3} - 15x^{2} + 36x + 1, is

Answer: B. onto but not one-one

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The function f : [0, 3] → [1, 29], defined by f(x) = 2x³ - 15x² + 36x + 1, is f:[0,3]→[1,29]f : [0, 3] \to [1, 29] f(x)=2x3−15x2+36x+1f(x) = 2x^3 - 15x^2 + 36x + 1 To find: whether f is one-one and/or onto\text{To find: whether } f \text{ is one-one and/or onto} f′(x)=6x2−30x+36=6(x−2)(x−3)f'(x) = 6x^2 - 30x + 36 = 6(x-2)(x-3) x∈[0,2):f′>0⇒f is increasingx \in [0,2): f' > 0 \Rightarrow f \text{ is increasing} x∈(2,3):f′<0⇒f is decreasingx \in (2,3): f' < 0 \Rightarrow f \text{ is decreasing} f(0)=1,f(2)=16−60+72+1=29f(0) = 1, \quad f(2) = 16 - 60 + 72 + 1 = 29 f(3)=54−135+108+1=28f(3) = 54 - 135 + 108 + 1 = 28 Range=[1,29]=codomain⇒onto\text{Range} = [1, 29] = \text{codomain} \Rightarrow \text{onto} f(1.5)=28=f(3),1.5≠3f(1.5) = 28 = f(3), \quad 1.5 \neq 3 Same output for two inputs⇒not one-one\text{Same output for two inputs} \Rightarrow \text{not one-one} onto but not one-oneoption (2)\boxed{\text{onto but not one-one}} \quad \text{option (2)}

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