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JEE Advanced 2014 · Relations and Functions (Class 12)

Let f:(−π2,π2)→Rf : \left(-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \to R be given by f(x)=(log⁡(sec⁡x+tan⁡x))3f(x) = (\log(\sec x + \tan x))^{3}. Then

Answers: A. f(x)f(x) is an odd function · B. f(x)f(x) is one-one function · C. f(x)f(x) is an onto function

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Written solution

f(x)=(log⁡(sec⁡x+tan⁡x))3f(x)=(\log(\sec x+\tan x))^{3}

Domain: x∈(−π2,π2)\text{Domain: } x\in\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{2},\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)

Check: odd / even, one-one, onto\text{Check: odd / even, one-one, onto}

sec⁡x+tan⁡x=1cos⁡x+sin⁡xcos⁡x=1+sin⁡xcos⁡x\sec x+\tan x=\dfrac{1}{\cos x}+\dfrac{\sin x}{\cos x}=\dfrac{1+\sin x}{\cos x}

x∈(−π2,π2)⇒cos⁡x>0, 1+sin⁡x>0x\in\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{2},\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\Rightarrow \cos x>0,\ 1+\sin x>0

⇒sec⁡x+tan⁡x>0\Rightarrow \sec x+\tan x>0

(sec⁡x+tan⁡x)(sec⁡x−tan⁡x)=sec⁡2x−tan⁡2x=1(\sec x+\tan x)(\sec x-\tan x)=\sec^{2}x-\tan^{2}x=1

⇒sec⁡x−tan⁡x=1sec⁡x+tan⁡x\Rightarrow \sec x-\tan x=\dfrac{1}{\sec x+\tan x}

g(x)=log⁡(sec⁡x+tan⁡x)g(x)=\log(\sec x+\tan x)

g(−x)=log⁡(sec⁡x−tan⁡x)=log⁡1sec⁡x+tan⁡x=−g(x)g(-x)=\log(\sec x-\tan x)=\log\dfrac{1}{\sec x+\tan x}=-g(x)

⇒g is odd\Rightarrow g \text{ is odd}

f(x)=(g(x))3,f(−x)=(−g(x))3=−f(x)f(x)=(g(x))^{3},\quad f(-x)=(-g(x))^{3}=-f(x)

⇒f is odd⇒(1) true, (4) false\Rightarrow f \text{ is odd} \Rightarrow (1) \text{ true},\ (4) \text{ false}

g′(x)=sec⁡xtan⁡x+sec⁡2xsec⁡x+tan⁡x=sec⁡x(sec⁡x+tan⁡x)sec⁡x+tan⁡x=sec⁡xg'(x)=\dfrac{\sec x\tan x+\sec^{2}x}{\sec x+\tan x}=\dfrac{\sec x(\sec x+\tan x)}{\sec x+\tan x}=\sec x

sec⁡x>0⇒g increasing⇒f=g3 increasing\sec x>0 \Rightarrow g \text{ increasing} \Rightarrow f=g^{3} \text{ increasing}

⇒f one-one⇒(2) true\Rightarrow f \text{ one-one} \Rightarrow (2) \text{ true}

x→π2−: sec⁡x+tan⁡x→+∞⇒g→+∞x\to \dfrac{\pi}{2}^{-}:\ \sec x+\tan x\to+\infty \Rightarrow g\to+\infty

x→−π2+: sec⁡x+tan⁡x→0+⇒g→−∞x\to -\dfrac{\pi}{2}^{+}:\ \sec x+\tan x\to 0^{+} \Rightarrow g\to-\infty

g continuous increasing⇒range=R⇒(3) trueg \text{ continuous increasing} \Rightarrow \text{range}=\mathbb{R} \Rightarrow (3) \text{ true}

True: (1), (2), (3);(4) is false\text{True: } (1),\ (2),\ (3);\qquad (4) \text{ is false}

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