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JEE Advanced 2019 · Limits and Derivatives

Let f:R→Rf: R \to R be a function. We say that ff has PROPERTY 1: If lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)∣h∣\lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(h) - f(0)}{\sqrt{|h|}} exists and is finite, and PROPERTY 2: If lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)h2\lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(h) - f(0)}{h^{2}} exists and is finite Then which of the following options is/are correct?

Answers: A. f(x)=x2/3f(x) = x^{2/3} has PROPERTY 1 · C. f(x)=∣x∣f(x) = |x| has PROPERTY 1

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Property 1: lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)∣h∣ exists & is finite\text{Property 1: } \lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{\sqrt{|h|}} \text{ exists \& is finite} Property 2: lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)h2 exists & is finite\text{Property 2: } \lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{h^{2}} \text{ exists \& is finite} (1) f=x2/3: P1;(2) f=sin⁡x: P2(1)\ f=x^{2/3}:\ \text{P1};\quad (2)\ f=\sin x:\ \text{P2} (3) f=∣x∣: P1;(4) f=x∣x∣: P2(3)\ f=|x|:\ \text{P1};\quad (4)\ f=x|x|:\ \text{P2} P1:f(h)−f(0)∣h∣→L1∈R\text{P1}: \dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{\sqrt{|h|}} \to L_{1} \in \mathbb{R} P2:f(h)−f(0)h2→L2∈R\text{P2}: \dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{h^{2}} \to L_{2} \in \mathbb{R} check each option’s ratio as h→0\text{check each option's ratio as } h\to 0 P1⇒f(h)−f(0)=L1∣h∣+o(∣h∣)\text{P1} \Rightarrow f(h)-f(0)=L_{1}\sqrt{|h|}+o(\sqrt{|h|}) ⇒f is continuous at 0\Rightarrow f \text{ is continuous at } 0 P2⇒f(h)−f(0)=L2h2+o(h2)\text{P2} \Rightarrow f(h)-f(0)=L_{2}h^{2}+o(h^{2}) ⇒f′(0) exists and f′(0)=0\Rightarrow f'(0) \text{ exists and } f'(0)=0 P2 is much stronger than P1\text{P2 is much stronger than P1} P2⇒P1, but not conversely\text{P2} \Rightarrow \text{P1, but not conversely} f(0)=0,f(h)=∣h∣2/3f(0)=0,\quad f(h)=|h|^{2/3} f(h)−f(0)∣h∣=∣h∣2/3∣h∣1/2\dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{\sqrt{|h|}}=\dfrac{|h|^{2/3}}{|h|^{1/2}} =∣h∣1/6→0(finite)=|h|^{1/6}\to 0 \quad (\text{finite}) ∴(1) is correct ✓\therefore (1)\ \text{is correct} \ \checkmark f=∣x∣:∣h∣∣h∣=∣h∣→0f=|x|:\quad \dfrac{|h|}{\sqrt{|h|}}=\sqrt{|h|}\to 0 ∴(3) is correct ✓\therefore (3)\ \text{is correct} \ \checkmark f=sin⁡x:f(h)−f(0)h2=sin⁡hh2f=\sin x:\quad \dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{h^{2}}=\dfrac{\sin h}{h^{2}} sin⁡hh2∼1h→+∞ (h→0+),−∞ (h→0−)\dfrac{\sin h}{h^{2}}\sim \dfrac{1}{h}\to +\infty \ (h\to 0^{+}),\quad -\infty \ (h\to 0^{-}) ∴(2) is wrong ×\therefore (2)\ \text{is wrong} \ \times f=x∣x∣:f(h)−f(0)h2=h∣h∣h2f=x|x|:\quad \dfrac{f(h)-f(0)}{h^{2}}=\dfrac{h|h|}{h^{2}} =∣h∣h=sgn⁡h→+1 (h>0),−1 (h<0)=\dfrac{|h|}{h}=\operatorname{sgn}h \to +1 \ (h>0),\quad -1 \ (h<0) ∴(4) is wrong ×\therefore (4)\ \text{is wrong} \ \times (1) and (3) are correct\boxed{(1)\ \text{and}\ (3)\ \text{are correct}}

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