f ( x ) = sin ( π x 12 ) f(x) = \sin\!\left(\dfrac{\pi x}{12}\right) f ( x ) = sin ( 12 π x )
g ( x ) = 2 log e ( x − α ) log e ( e x − e α ) g(x) = \dfrac{2\log_e(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{\alpha})}{\log_e(e^{\sqrt{x}}-e^{\sqrt{\alpha}})} g ( x ) = log e ( e x − e α ) 2 log e ( x − α )
α > 0 \alpha > 0 α > 0
lim x → α + f ( g ( x ) ) = ? \lim_{x\to\alpha^+} f(g(x)) = ? lim x → α + f ( g ( x )) = ?
1. t = x − α → 0 + 1.\ t = \sqrt{x}-\sqrt{\alpha} \to 0^+ 1. t = x − α → 0 +
2. simplify g in terms of t 2.\ \text{simplify } g \text{ in terms of } t 2. simplify g in terms of t
3. lim g = 2 ⇒ f ( 2 ) 3.\ \lim g = 2 \Rightarrow f(2) 3. lim g = 2 ⇒ f ( 2 )
g defined on ( α , ∞ ) ⇒ only x → α + g \text{ defined on } (\alpha,\infty) \Rightarrow \text{only } x\to\alpha^+ g defined on ( α , ∞ ) ⇒ only x → α +
t = x − α → 0 + , x = α + t t = \sqrt{x}-\sqrt{\alpha} \to 0^+,\quad \sqrt{x} = \sqrt{\alpha}+t t = x − α → 0 + , x = α + t
numerator = 2 log e t \text{numerator} = 2\log_e t numerator = 2 log e t
e x − e α = e α ( e t − 1 ) e^{\sqrt{x}}-e^{\sqrt{\alpha}} = e^{\sqrt{\alpha}}(e^{t}-1) e x − e α = e α ( e t − 1 )
g = 2 log e t α + log e ( e t − 1 ) g = \dfrac{2\log_e t}{\sqrt{\alpha} + \log_e(e^{t}-1)} g = α + log e ( e t − 1 ) 2 log e t
e t − 1 t → 1 ⇒ log e ( e t − 1 ) = log e t + log e ( e t − 1 t ) \dfrac{e^t-1}{t} \to 1 \Rightarrow \log_e(e^t-1) = \log_e t + \log_e\!\left(\dfrac{e^t-1}{t}\right) t e t − 1 → 1 ⇒ log e ( e t − 1 ) = log e t + log e ( t e t − 1 )
log e ( e t − 1 t ) → 0 \log_e\!\left(\dfrac{e^t-1}{t}\right) \to 0 log e ( t e t − 1 ) → 0
as t → 0 + , log e t → − ∞ \text{as } t\to 0^+,\ \log_e t \to -\infty as t → 0 + , log e t → − ∞
α + log e ( e t − 1 ) ∼ log e t \sqrt{\alpha} + \log_e(e^t-1) \sim \log_e t α + log e ( e t − 1 ) ∼ log e t
lim x → α + g ( x ) = lim t → 0 + 2 log e t α + log e ( e t − 1 ) \lim_{x\to\alpha^+} g(x) = \lim_{t\to 0^+}\dfrac{2\log_e t}{\sqrt{\alpha}+\log_e(e^t-1)} lim x → α + g ( x ) = lim t → 0 + α + log e ( e t − 1 ) 2 log e t
= 2 log e t log e t = 2 = \dfrac{2\log_e t}{\log_e t} = 2 = log e t 2 log e t = 2
f continuous ⇒ lim f ( g ( x ) ) = f ( lim g ( x ) ) = f ( 2 ) f \text{ continuous} \Rightarrow \lim f(g(x)) = f\!\left(\lim g(x)\right) = f(2) f continuous ⇒ lim f ( g ( x )) = f ( lim g ( x ) ) = f ( 2 )
f ( 2 ) = sin ( 2 π 12 ) = sin π 6 f(2) = \sin\!\left(\dfrac{2\pi}{12}\right) = \sin\dfrac{\pi}{6} f ( 2 ) = sin ( 12 2 π ) = sin 6 π
sin π 6 = 1 2 \sin\dfrac{\pi}{6} = \dfrac{1}{2} sin 6 π = 2 1
1 2 \boxed{\dfrac{1}{2}} 2 1