arthham

JEE Advanced 2020 · Limits and Derivatives

The value of the limit lim⁡x→π/242(sin⁡3x+sin⁡x)(2sin⁡2xsin⁡(3x/2)+cos⁡(5x/2))−(2+2cos⁡2x+cos⁡(3x/2))\lim_{x \to \pi/2} \frac{4 \sqrt{2} (\sin 3x + \sin x)}{(2 \sin 2x \sin(3x/2) + \cos(5x/2)) - (\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \cos 2x + \cos(3x/2))} is

Answer: 88

Watch this solved on the board The full walkthrough, written out a line at a time with narration explaining each step as it appears. Pause anywhere and ask why a line is there. Free to watch

Or read the worked solution below. Jump to the steps ↓

Written solution

The value of the limit lim_(x→π/2) (4√2(sin 3x+sin x))/((2sin 2xsin3x/2+cos5x/2)-(√2+√2cos 2x+cos3x/2)) is

lim⁡x→π242 (sin⁡3x+sin⁡x)(2sin⁡2xsin⁡3x2+cos⁡5x2)−(2+2cos⁡2x+cos⁡3x2)\lim_{x\to\frac{\pi}{2}} \dfrac{4\sqrt{2}\,(\sin 3x+\sin x)}{\left(2\sin 2x\sin\frac{3x}{2}+\cos\frac{5x}{2}\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}\cos 2x+\cos\frac{3x}{2}\right)}

Find the value of this limit (00 form)\text{Find the value of this limit } \left(\tfrac{0}{0}\ \text{form}\right)

1. Put θ=x−π2, so θ→0\text{1. Put } \theta = x - \dfrac{\pi}{2},\ \text{so } \theta \to 0

2. Rewrite N and D in θ\text{2. Rewrite } N \text{ and } D \text{ in } \theta

3. Expand for small θ, then take the ratio\text{3. Expand for small } \theta, \text{ then take the ratio}

x=π2+θ,θ→0x = \dfrac{\pi}{2} + \theta,\qquad \theta \to 0

lim⁡x→π/2=lim⁡θ→0\lim_{x\to\pi/2} = \lim_{\theta\to 0}

sin⁡3x+sin⁡x=2sin⁡2xcos⁡x\sin 3x + \sin x = 2\sin 2x\cos x

N=42⋅2sin⁡2xcos⁡x=82 sin⁡2xcos⁡xN = 4\sqrt{2}\cdot 2\sin 2x\cos x = 8\sqrt{2}\,\sin 2x\cos x

sin⁡2x=−sin⁡2θ,cos⁡x=−sin⁡θ\sin 2x = -\sin 2\theta,\qquad \cos x = -\sin\theta

N=82 sin⁡2θ sin⁡θ≈162 θ2N = 8\sqrt{2}\,\sin 2\theta\,\sin\theta \approx 16\sqrt{2}\,\theta^{2}

sin⁡2x=−sin⁡2θ\sin 2x = -\sin 2\theta

sin⁡3x2=22(cos⁡3θ2−sin⁡3θ2)\sin\frac{3x}{2} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(\cos\frac{3\theta}{2}-\sin\frac{3\theta}{2}\right)

cos⁡5x2=22(−cos⁡5θ2+sin⁡5θ2)\cos\frac{5x}{2} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(-\cos\frac{5\theta}{2}+\sin\frac{5\theta}{2}\right)

cos⁡2x=−cos⁡2θ\cos 2x = -\cos 2\theta

cos⁡3x2=−22(cos⁡3θ2+sin⁡3θ2)\cos\frac{3x}{2} = -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(\cos\frac{3\theta}{2}+\sin\frac{3\theta}{2}\right)

D=−2sin⁡2θ(cos⁡3θ2−sin⁡3θ2)−2(1−cos⁡2θ)D = -\sqrt{2}\sin 2\theta\left(\cos\frac{3\theta}{2}-\sin\frac{3\theta}{2}\right) - \sqrt{2}(1-\cos 2\theta)

+22(−cos⁡5θ2+sin⁡5θ2)+22(cos⁡3θ2+sin⁡3θ2)+ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(-\cos\frac{5\theta}{2}+\sin\frac{5\theta}{2}\right) + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(\cos\frac{3\theta}{2}+\sin\frac{3\theta}{2}\right)

D≈22 θ2D \approx 2\sqrt{2}\,\theta^{2}

lim⁡θ→0ND=162 θ222 θ2=8\lim_{\theta\to 0} \dfrac{N}{D} = \dfrac{16\sqrt{2}\,\theta^{2}}{2\sqrt{2}\,\theta^{2}} = 8

Answer: 8\boxed{\text{Answer: } 8}

More from Limits and Derivatives

All 17 Limits and Derivatives questions →