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JEE Advanced 2021 · Application of Derivatives

Let f:R→Rf : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be defined by f(x)=x2−3x−6x2+2x+4f(x) = \frac{x^{2} - 3x - 6}{x^{2} + 2x + 4} Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE?

Answers: A. ff is decreasing in the interval (−2,−1)(-2, -1) · B. ff is increasing in the interval (1,2)(1, 2)

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Let f : R → R be defined by f(x) = (x² - 3x - 6)/(x² + 2x + 4) Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE? Given: f(x)=x2−3x−6x2+2x+4,x2+2x+4=(x+1)2+3>0\text{Given: } f(x) = \dfrac{x^2 - 3x - 6}{x^2 + 2x + 4},\qquad x^2 + 2x + 4 = (x+1)^2 + 3 > 0 To find: which of (1)–(4) are TRUE\text{To find: which of (1)--(4) are TRUE} 1. plot f(x)1.\ \text{plot } f(x) 2. sign of f′⇒increasing/decreasing2.\ \text{sign of } f' \Rightarrow \text{increasing/decreasing} 3. extrema⇒range, onto3.\ \text{extrema} \Rightarrow \text{range, onto} y=1 is a horizontal asymptote (x→±∞)y = 1 \text{ is a horizontal asymptote } (x \to \pm\infty) f′(x)=(2x−3)(x2+2x+4)−(x2−3x−6)(2x+2)(x2+2x+4)2f'(x) = \dfrac{(2x-3)(x^2+2x+4) - (x^2-3x-6)(2x+2)}{(x^2+2x+4)^2} f′(x)=5x(x+4)(x2+2x+4)2f'(x) = \dfrac{5x(x+4)}{(x^2+2x+4)^2} f′(x)=0⇒x=0, −4f'(x) = 0 \Rightarrow x = 0,\ -4 f′>0 (x<−4),f′<0 (−4<x<0),f′>0 (x>0)f' > 0\ (x<-4),\quad f' < 0\ (-4<x<0),\quad f' > 0\ (x>0) increasing on (−∞,−4)∪(0,∞);decreasing on (−4,0)\text{increasing on } (-\infty,-4)\cup(0,\infty);\quad \text{decreasing on } (-4,0) (−2,−1)⊂(−4,0)⇒f decreasing⇒(1) TRUE(-2,-1) \subset (-4,0) \Rightarrow f \text{ decreasing} \Rightarrow \text{(1) TRUE} (1,2)⊂(0,∞)⇒f increasing⇒(2) TRUE(1,2) \subset (0,\infty) \Rightarrow f \text{ increasing} \Rightarrow \text{(2) TRUE} f(0)=−64=−32(local min)f(0) = \dfrac{-6}{4} = -\dfrac{3}{2}\quad \text{(local min)} f(−4)=2212=116(local max)f(-4) = \dfrac{22}{12} = \dfrac{11}{6}\quad \text{(local max)} Range=[−32, 116]≠[−32,2]⇒(4) FALSE\text{Range} = \left[-\dfrac{3}{2},\ \dfrac{11}{6}\right] \neq \left[-\dfrac{3}{2}, 2\right] \Rightarrow \text{(4) FALSE} Range≠R⇒f is NOT onto⇒(3) FALSE\text{Range} \neq \mathbb{R} \Rightarrow f \text{ is NOT onto} \Rightarrow \text{(3) FALSE} Answer: (1) and (2)\boxed{\text{Answer: (1) and (2)}}

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