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JEE Advanced 2025 · Application of Derivatives

Let R\mathbb{R} denote the set of all real numbers. Define the function ff: R→R\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} by f(x)={2−2x2−x2sin⁡1xif x≠0,2if x=0f(x) = \begin{cases} 2 - 2x^{2} - x^{2}\sin\frac{1}{x} & \text{if } x \neq 0, \\ 2 & \text{if } x = 0 \end{cases}. Then which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Answer: D. x=0x = 0 is a point of local minima of ff

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Written solution

f(x)=2−2x2−x2sin⁡1x (x≠0),f(0)=2f(x) = 2 - 2x^2 - x^2\sin\tfrac1x\ (x\neq 0),\qquad f(0) = 2

2−f(x)=x2(2+sin⁡1x)2 - f(x) = x^2\left(2 + \sin\tfrac1x\right)

To find: the TRUE statement among (1)–(4)\text{To find: the TRUE statement among } (1)\text{–}(4)

lim⁡x→0f(x)−f(0)x=lim⁡x→0(−2x−xsin⁡1x)=0\lim_{x\to0}\dfrac{f(x)-f(0)}{x} = \lim_{x\to0}\left(-2x - x\sin\tfrac1x\right) = 0

f′(0)=0⇒f IS differentiable at 0⇒(1) FALSEf'(0) = 0 \Rightarrow f \text{ IS differentiable at } 0 \Rightarrow (1)\ \text{FALSE}

f′(x)=−4x−2xsin⁡1x+cos⁡1x(x≠0)f'(x) = -4x - 2x\sin\tfrac1x + \cos\tfrac1x \quad (x\neq 0)

x→0: −4x−2xsin⁡1x→0,cos⁡1x oscillatesx\to0:\ -4x-2x\sin\tfrac1x \to 0,\quad \cos\tfrac1x \text{ oscillates}

f′ changes sign arbitrarily near 0f' \text{ changes sign arbitrarily near } 0

⇒f is monotone on NO interval around 0\Rightarrow f \text{ is monotone on NO interval around } 0

(2) ∃ δ>0: f decreasing on (0,δ)? NO⇒FALSE(2)\ \exists\,\delta>0:\ f \text{ decreasing on } (0,\delta)?\ \text{NO} \Rightarrow \text{FALSE}

(3) ∀ δ>0, f not increasing on (−δ,0)⇒TRUE(3)\ \forall\,\delta>0,\ f \text{ not increasing on } (-\delta,0) \Rightarrow \text{TRUE}

2−f(x)=x2(2+sin⁡1x)>0 for x≠02 - f(x) = x^2\left(2+\sin\tfrac1x\right) > 0 \text{ for } x\neq0

⇒f(x)<f(0): 0 is a local maximum⇒(4) FALSE\Rightarrow f(x) < f(0):\ 0 \text{ is a local maximum} \Rightarrow (4)\ \text{FALSE}

option (3)\boxed{\text{option } (3)}

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