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JEE Advanced 2023 · Inverse Trigonometric Functions

For any y∈Ry \in \mathbb{R}, let cot⁡−1(y)∈(0,π)\cot^{-1}(y) \in (0, \pi) and tan⁡−1(y)∈(−π2,π2)\tan^{-1}(y) \in \left(-\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right). Then the sum of all solutions of the equation tan⁡−1(6y9−y2)+cot⁡−1(9−y26y)=2π3\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{6y}{9-y^{2}}\right) + \cot^{-1}\left(\frac{9-y^{2}}{6y}\right) = \frac{2\pi}{3} for 0<∣y∣<30 < |y| < 3, is equal to

Answers: C. 43−64\sqrt{3}-6

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Written solution

For any y ∈ R, let cot⁻¹(y) ∈ (0, π) and tan⁻¹(y) ∈ (-π/2, π/2). Then the sum of all solutions of the equation tan⁻¹(6y/(9-y²)) + cot⁻¹((9-y²)/6y) = 2π/3 for 0 < |y| < 3, is equal to

cot⁡−1(y)∈(0,π),tan⁡−1(y)∈(−π2,π2)\cot^{-1}(y)\in(0,\pi),\quad \tan^{-1}(y)\in\left(-\tfrac{\pi}{2},\tfrac{\pi}{2}\right)

tan⁡−1 ⁣(6y9−y2)+cot⁡−1 ⁣(9−y26y)=2π3\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{6y}{9-y^2}\right) + \cot^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{9-y^2}{6y}\right) = \dfrac{2\pi}{3}

0<∣y∣<30 < |y| < 3

find the sum of all solutions y\text{find the sum of all solutions } y

1. u=6y9−y2; 9−y26y=1u1.\ u = \dfrac{6y}{9-y^2};\ \dfrac{9-y^2}{6y} = \dfrac{1}{u}

2. two cases: u>0, u<02.\ \text{two cases: } u>0,\ u<0

3. solve for y, sum the admissible roots3.\ \text{solve for } y,\ \text{sum the admissible roots}

u=6y9−y2u = \dfrac{6y}{9-y^2}

9−y26y=1u\dfrac{9-y^2}{6y} = \dfrac{1}{u}

tan⁡−1(u)+cot⁡−1 ⁣(1u)=2π3\tan^{-1}(u) + \cot^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{1}{u}\right) = \dfrac{2\pi}{3}

u>0: cot⁡−1 ⁣(1u)=tan⁡−1(u)u>0:\ \cot^{-1}\!\left(\tfrac{1}{u}\right) = \tan^{-1}(u)

u<0: cot⁡−1 ⁣(1u)=π+tan⁡−1(u)u<0:\ \cot^{-1}\!\left(\tfrac{1}{u}\right) = \pi + \tan^{-1}(u)

since cot⁡−1∈(0,π)\text{since } \cot^{-1}\in(0,\pi)

2tan⁡−1(u)=2π3⇒tan⁡−1(u)=π32\tan^{-1}(u) = \dfrac{2\pi}{3} \Rightarrow \tan^{-1}(u) = \dfrac{\pi}{3}

u=3u = \sqrt{3}

6y9−y2=3⇒y2+23 y−9=0\dfrac{6y}{9-y^2} = \sqrt{3} \Rightarrow y^2 + 2\sqrt{3}\,y - 9 = 0

y=−23±432=3 or −33y = \dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}\pm 4\sqrt{3}}{2} = \sqrt{3}\ \text{or}\ -3\sqrt{3}

0<∣y∣<3⇒y=30<|y|<3 \Rightarrow y = \sqrt{3}

π+2tan⁡−1(u)=2π3⇒tan⁡−1(u)=−π6\pi + 2\tan^{-1}(u) = \dfrac{2\pi}{3} \Rightarrow \tan^{-1}(u) = -\dfrac{\pi}{6}

u=−13u = -\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}

6y9−y2=−13⇒y2−63 y−9=0\dfrac{6y}{9-y^2} = -\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \Rightarrow y^2 - 6\sqrt{3}\,y - 9 = 0

y=33±6y = 3\sqrt{3} \pm 6

0<∣y∣<3⇒y=33−60<|y|<3 \Rightarrow y = 3\sqrt{3}-6

sum=3+(33−6)=43−6\text{sum} = \sqrt{3} + (3\sqrt{3}-6) = 4\sqrt{3}-6

43−6option (3)\boxed{4\sqrt{3}-6}\quad \text{option (3)}

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