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JEE Advanced 2026 · Probability (Class 12)

A bookshelf contains 66 distinct books of Mathematics and 55 distinct books of Physics. From these 1111 books, 66 books are chosen at random. Let XX be the absolute value of the difference between the number of Mathematics books chosen and the number of Physics books chosen. If α\alpha is the mean of the random variable XX, then the value of 77α77\alpha is ________.

Answer: 88

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Maths: 6 distinct books,Physics: 5 distinct books\text{Maths: } 6 \text{ distinct books},\quad \text{Physics: } 5 \text{ distinct books} 6 books chosen at random from 116 \text{ books chosen at random from } 11 X=∣(#Maths chosen)−(#Physics chosen)∣X=\bigl|(\text{\#Maths chosen})-(\text{\#Physics chosen})\bigr| To find: α=E[X], and then 77α\text{To find: } \alpha=E[X],\ \text{and then } 77\alpha 1. m=#Maths chosen, p=#Physics, m+p=61.\ m=\#\text{Maths chosen},\ p=\#\text{Physics},\ m+p=6 2. ways=(6m)(56−m)3. E[X]=∑x P(x)2.\ \text{ways}=\dbinom{6}{m}\dbinom{5}{6-m} \qquad 3.\ E[X]=\sum x\,P(x) m=#Maths,p=#Physics,m+p=6m=\#\text{Maths},\quad p=\#\text{Physics},\quad m+p=6 X=∣m−p∣=∣m−(6−m)∣=∣2m−6∣X=|m-p|=|m-(6-m)|=|2m-6| p≤5⇒m≥1;m≤6⇒m∈{1,2,3,4,5,6}p\le 5 \Rightarrow m\ge 1;\qquad m\le 6 \Rightarrow m\in\{1,2,3,4,5,6\} X=∣2m−6∣:  m=1→4, 2→2, 3→0, 4→2, 5→4, 6→6X=|2m-6|:\ \ m=1\to4,\ 2\to2,\ 3\to0,\ 4\to2,\ 5\to4,\ 6\to6 (116)=462\dbinom{11}{6}=462 w(m)=(6m)(56−m)w(m)=\dbinom{6}{m}\dbinom{5}{6-m} m=1:6,m=2:75,m=3:200m=1:6,\quad m=2:75,\quad m=3:200 m=4:150,m=5:30,m=6:1m=4:150,\quad m=5:30,\quad m=6:1 6+75+200+150+30+1=462  ✓6+75+200+150+30+1=462\ \ \checkmark X=0:200,X=2:75+150=225X=0:200,\qquad X=2:75+150=225 X=4:6+30=36,X=6:1X=4:6+30=36,\qquad X=6:1 P(X=0)=200462,P(X=2)=225462P(X=0)=\dfrac{200}{462},\qquad P(X=2)=\dfrac{225}{462} P(X=4)=36462,P(X=6)=1462P(X=4)=\dfrac{36}{462},\qquad P(X=6)=\dfrac{1}{462} E[X]=0⋅200+2⋅225+4⋅36+6⋅1462E[X]=\dfrac{0\cdot200+2\cdot225+4\cdot36+6\cdot1}{462} E[X]=450+144+6462=600462E[X]=\dfrac{450+144+6}{462}=\dfrac{600}{462} α=E[X]=600462=10077\alpha=E[X]=\dfrac{600}{462}=\dfrac{100}{77} 77α=77⋅10077=10077\alpha=77\cdot\dfrac{100}{77}=100 77α=100\boxed{77\alpha=100}

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