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JEE Advanced 2011 · Limits and Derivatives

If lim⁡x→0[1+xln⁡(1+b2)]1/x=2bsin⁡2θ\lim_{x\to 0}\left[1+x\ln(1+b^{2})\right]^{1/x}=2b\sin^{2}\theta, b>0b>0 and θ∈(−π,π]\theta\in(-\pi,\pi], then the value of θ\theta is

Answer: D. ±π2\pm\frac{\pi}{2}

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If lim_(x→ 0)[1+xln(1+b²)]^(1/x)=2bsin²θ, b>0 and θ∈(-π,π], then the value of θ is lim⁡x→0[1+xln⁡(1+b2)]1/x=2bsin⁡2θ\lim_{x\to 0}\left[1+x\ln(1+b^2)\right]^{1/x} = 2b\sin^2\theta b>0,θ∈(−π,π]b > 0,\quad \theta \in (-\pi,\pi] To find: θ\text{To find: } \theta 1. evaluate the limit (1∞)1.\ \text{evaluate the limit } (1^{\infty}) 2. 1+b2=2bsin⁡2θ2.\ 1 + b^2 = 2b\sin^2\theta 3. AM-GM+range of sin⁡2θ3.\ \text{AM-GM} + \text{range of } \sin^2\theta [1+xln⁡(1+b2)]1/x→e1x⋅xln⁡(1+b2)\left[1+x\ln(1+b^2)\right]^{1/x} \to e^{\frac{1}{x}\cdot x\ln(1+b^2)} =eln⁡(1+b2)=1+b2= e^{\ln(1+b^2)} = 1 + b^2 1+b2=2bsin⁡2θ1 + b^2 = 2b\sin^2\theta sin⁡2θ=1+b22b\sin^2\theta = \dfrac{1+b^2}{2b} sin⁡2θ=1+b22b=b+1b2\sin^2\theta = \dfrac{1+b^2}{2b} = \dfrac{b + \frac1b}{2} b+1b≥2⇒b+1b2≥1b + \dfrac1b \ge 2 \Rightarrow \dfrac{b + \frac1b}{2} \ge 1 ⇒sin⁡2θ≥1\Rightarrow \sin^2\theta \ge 1 0≤sin⁡2θ≤1 and sin⁡2θ≥1⇒sin⁡2θ=10 \le \sin^2\theta \le 1 \text{ and } \sin^2\theta \ge 1 \Rightarrow \sin^2\theta = 1 b+1b=2⇒b=1b + \dfrac1b = 2 \Rightarrow b = 1 sin⁡2θ=1⇒θ=±π2∈(−π,π]\sin^2\theta = 1 \Rightarrow \theta = \pm\dfrac{\pi}{2} \in (-\pi,\pi] θ=±π2option (4)\boxed{\theta = \pm\dfrac{\pi}{2}} \quad \text{option (4)}

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