Given: P(X∣Y)=21,P(Y∣X)=31
P(X∩Y)=61
To find: which of the following are correct?
(1) P(X∪Y)=32(2) X,Y independent
(3) X,Y not independent(4) P(Xc∩Y)=31
P(X∩Y)=61 (given)
Plan: 1. P(Y) from P(X∣Y)
2. P(X) from P(Y∣X)
3. test independence and each option
P(X∣Y)=P(Y)P(X∩Y)
P(Y∣X)=P(X)P(X∩Y)
21=P(Y)1/6⇒P(Y)=61×2=31
31=P(X)1/6⇒P(X)=61×3=21
P(X)=21,P(Y)=31,P(X∩Y)=61
P(X only)=21−61=31
P(Y only)=31−61=61
P(X)P(Y)=21×31=61=P(X∩Y)
⇒X,Y are independent⇒(2) true, (3) false
P(X∪Y)=P(X)+P(Y)−P(X∩Y)
=21+31−61=32⇒(1) true
P(Xc∩Y)=P(Y)−P(X∩Y)=31−61=61
61=31⇒(4) is false
∴(1) and (2) are correct