arthham

JEE Advanced 2016 · Limits and Derivatives

Let α,β∈R\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{R} be such that lim⁡x→0x2sin⁡(βx)αx−sin⁡x=1\lim_{x \to 0}\frac{x^{2}\sin(\beta x)}{\alpha x-\sin x}=1 then 6(α+β)6(\alpha+\beta) equals.

Answer: 77

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Written solution

α,β∈R,lim⁡x→0x2sin⁡(βx)αx−sin⁡x=1\alpha,\beta\in\mathbb{R}, \quad \lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{x^{2}\sin(\beta x)}{\alpha x-\sin x}=1 To find: 6(α+β)\text{To find: } 6(\alpha+\beta) numerator is O(x3)⇒denominator must be O(x3)\text{numerator is } O(x^3) \Rightarrow \text{denominator must be } O(x^3) expand sin⁡x and sin⁡(βx)\text{expand } \sin x \text{ and } \sin(\beta x) match coefficients⇒α,β\text{match coefficients} \Rightarrow \alpha,\beta sin⁡x=x−x36+x5120−⋯\sin x=x-\dfrac{x^3}{6}+\dfrac{x^5}{120}-\cdots αx−sin⁡x=(α−1)x+x36−x5120+⋯\alpha x-\sin x=(\alpha-1)x+\dfrac{x^3}{6}-\dfrac{x^5}{120}+\cdots α−1≠0⇒denominator∼x⇒limit 0 or ∞\alpha-1\ne 0 \Rightarrow \text{denominator} \sim x \Rightarrow \text{limit } 0 \text{ or } \infty α−1=0⇒α=1\alpha-1=0 \Rightarrow \alpha=1 αx−sin⁡x=x36−x5120+⋯∼x36\alpha x-\sin x=\dfrac{x^3}{6}-\dfrac{x^5}{120}+\cdots\sim \dfrac{x^3}{6} sin⁡(βx)=βx−(βx)36+⋯\sin(\beta x)=\beta x-\dfrac{(\beta x)^3}{6}+\cdots x2sin⁡(βx)=βx3−β3x56+⋯∼βx3x^2\sin(\beta x)=\beta x^3-\dfrac{\beta^3 x^5}{6}+\cdots\sim \beta x^3 lim⁡x→0x2sin⁡(βx)αx−sin⁡x=βx3x3/6=6β\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{x^2\sin(\beta x)}{\alpha x-\sin x}=\dfrac{\beta x^3}{x^3/6}=6\beta 6β=1⇒β=166\beta=1 \Rightarrow \beta=\dfrac{1}{6} α=1,β=16\alpha=1, \quad \beta=\dfrac{1}{6} x2sin⁡(x/6)x−sin⁡x→x3/6x3/6=1 ✓\dfrac{x^2\sin(x/6)}{x-\sin x}\to \dfrac{x^3/6}{x^3/6}=1\ \checkmark 6(α+β)=6(1+16)=6⋅76=76(\alpha+\beta)=6\left(1+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)=6\cdot\dfrac{7}{6}=7 6(α+β)=7\boxed{6(\alpha+\beta)=7}

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